Assessment of Symptoms Associated with Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Bruxism among Elderly Population: An Epidemiological Survey.

AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and bruxism among elderly population in Ranchi, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done on 600 elderly subjects; data regarding the signs and symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorder and bruxism were recorded using both structured questionnaire and clinical examination. Spearman correlation analysis was done to find the association between TMD and bruxism. RESULTS: Out of 600 subjects, 49% were males and 51% were females. The overall prevalence of TMD-related symptoms like temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, difficulty in jaw opening, TMJ sounds, and bruxism were 10.5, 11.2, 14, and 17% among elderly subjects. TMD symptoms and bruxism were relatively more commonly seen among females when compared to males. According to logistic regression (significantly correlated independent variables, i.e., TMD symptoms among analyzed variables), the dependent variable like bruxism had highest odds ratio, i.e., 8 for 60-70 years age-group and 15.1 for 70-80 year age-group. CONCLUSION: There was a lesser prevalence of symptoms related to TMD and bruxism among the study population, and bruxism had the highest odds ratio in TMD between the analyzed variables. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Human aging contributes too many oral problems, while resolving these, the felt needs of the population are sometimes ignored which adds up to the growing list of issues. Studies have shown inconclusive evidence regarding the prevalence of symptoms related to TMD and bruxism as these are known to trouble elderly populations.

Evaluation of Crestal Bone Loss in Flap vs Flapless Implant Placement Technique: An In Vivo Comparative Study.

AIMS: The aims of the study were to assess the technique with-flap and flapless implant placement and to compare crestal bone heights around the implant in flapless and conventional flap technique using digital radiovisiograph, in 3 and 6 months after the surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 implants were placed by flap and flapless implant technique; each patient received two implants, except for two patients who received four implants. A radiovisiograph was taken at implant placement, as well as 3- and 6-month intervals. Crestal bone level was compared between flapless and flap during these intervals and compared between intervals for each group. RESULTS: On evaluating the distribution, it was found to be asymmetric and hence lacked normality (K-S = 0.382; p <0.001). On mesial side, bone loss values in group I ranged from 0.40 to 1.10 units with a mean value of 0.71 and a standard deviation of 0.26 units. The median value was 0.70. On evaluating the data for normality, it was found to be symmetric and normal (K-S = 0.166; p = 0.200). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there are not any significant differences in the crestal bone with both flap and flapless techniques. Comparatively, the flapless approach showed a lesser crestal bone height reduction, which was statistically significant. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Implant dentistry is nonetheless behind when advances are concerned, we have seen the inclination toward minimal invasive implant techniques to yield better esthetic as well as improved results, thus taking care of patients' discomfort.

State of Dental Health and Management Needs of Young Hemophilic Patients: A Case-control Study.

Background: In particular, when it comes to systemic diseases like hemophilia, good dental health is crucial to a person's overall health and wellness. Through the means of this study, we aim to assess the prevalence of various dental anomalies in children suffering from hemophilia in comparison to healthy children and assess their treatment needs. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, case-control study with 400 subjects, 200 each in the study (hemophilic) and control (nonhemophilic) groups. The subjects' ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Utilizing the oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), the state of oral hygiene was documented (OHI-S). Using decaying extracted filled tooth (DEFT) and decayed, missing, and filled tooth (DMFT) for the primary and permanent dentition, respectively, teeth afflicted by dental caries and teeth restored/extracted as a result of dental caries were assessed. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (version 27.0) was used for statistical analysis. Results: Hemophilic people had a considerably greater incidence of dental caries. Furthermore, even though their DMFT/DEFT and OHI-S scores were barely poorer than those of healthy people, children with hemophilia had a significantly larger percentage of dental treatment needs across all age categories than the other group. Conclusion: The percentage of hemophilic children who needed dental treatment across different age groups was significantly higher than the other group, which supports our observations that the dental health status of hemophilic children was poor and treatment requirement was high among them as well. This is true even though the DMFT/DEFT scores and OHI-S scores in hemophilic children were only slightly worse than in healthy individuals. How to cite this article: Sharma S, Shahi AK, Chandra S, et al. State of Dental Health and Management needs of Young Hemophilic Patients: A Case-control Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):380-387.

Primary Failure of Eruption: A Cause of Posterior Open Bite.

Primary eruption failure is a poorly understood condition in which the teeth fail to erupt in oral cavity in absence of any local or systemic factors. First and second molars are most commonly affected but one or more number of teeth, primary or permanent can be partially or completely affected. The orthodontic or surgical methods to get such teeth in occlusion have failed miserably. The early diagnosis of primary eruption failure (PEF) will allow the dentist to accurately rehabilitate the patient without wasting any time on treatments which are bound to fail. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Shivakumar GC, Srivastava A, et al. Primary Failure of Eruption: A Cause of Posterior Open Bite. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(4):360-361.