What do I need to know about glycopeptide antibiotics?

Glycopeptides have been crucial in the fight against Gram-positive pathogens with their use within paediatrics becoming ever prevalent. This article reviews the pharmacology of the commonly used glycopeptides, vancomycin and teicoplanin, and discusses the practical aspects of their use in the clinical setting.

Practical pharmacokinetics: what do you really need to know?

Having some understanding of pharmacokinetics is important for all clinicians when prescribing medications. Key elements to effective and safe prescribing include making sure that we don't underdose a medication making it ineffective, but also do not overprescribe a treatment known to cause toxic effects. In paediatrics, there are significant physiological and developmental differences that add to the challenges of safe prescribing. This article aims to provide the clinician with some basic paediatric pharmacokinetic principles with clinical examples to aid their prescribing skills.

Intravenous salbutamol for childhood asthma: evidence-based medicine?

Intravenous salbutamol is commonly used to treat children with severe asthma unresponsive to inhaled ß2-agonist therapy. However, in this setting, there is little clinical trial data demonstrating its effectiveness. Additionally, there are significant concerns that intravenous salbutamol-dosing recommendations for children with acute asthma are excessive, and unnecessarily raise the potential for adverse reactions, such as lactic acidosis and tachycardia which, by increasing respiratory workload, exacerbate respiratory failure. Here, we review salbutamol clinical pharmacology and toxicology, evidence relating to its use in acute asthma and highlight gaps in the evidence base.