Lipase-catalyzed modification of the flavor profiles in recombined skim milk products by enriching the volatile components.

The purpose of this study was to modify the amount and composition of volatile components in bovine milk products, in an attempt to create a recombined skim milk product with full-fat milk flavor but with only 0.5% fat. The experimental plan included lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis and esterification reactions using Palatase 20000L (Novozymes, Bagsværd, Denmark). The results, measured by the methods of volatile compositional analysis and sensory evaluation, showed that the flavor profiles of the optimal recombined milk products were effectively modified in this way, possessing intensified characteristic volatile flavor components with rather low level of fat contents, and the sensory characters were quite realistic to natural whole milk flavor.

[Relation of left ventricular compliance and heart size].

53 patients with myocardiopathy were studied to determine the left ventricular compliance (LVC) with apexcardiography and the heart size with radiography. Relation between LVC and heart size was analysed by using linear correlation. In cardiomyopathy LVC decreased and correlated with the size of heart. It was concluded that the size of heart was one of factors which influenced LVC. The decrease of LVC may be related with the length of myocyte, the geometric shape of heart and histopathologic alteration.

[Changes in serum free amino acid level in patients with spleen deficiency syndrome].

Eighteen kinds of serum free amino acid (SFAA) were measured in 32 patients with Spleen-Deficiency (SD) Syndrome. Several obvious changes were noticed as compared with 20 healthy adults: (1) The levels of total FAA, essential amino acids and free branched-chain amino acids of SD group were significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01); (2) Total FAA, essential amino acids and branched-chain amino acids were all positively correlated to D-xylose absorptivity, serum protein and immune function. The above results suggested that the decrease of various SFAA level might be related to malabsorption in patients with SD. It is possible that the decrease of serum protein and immune function was due to the lowering of SFAA.

[Study on erythrocytic immune function in diarrhea patients with spleen deficiency].

The erythrocytic immune function of 40 cases of patients with Spleen Deficiency (SD) and 20 cases of the normal control group were observed, and the former were subdivide into diarrhea group and non-diarrhea group. The results showed that the rosette rate of red cell C3b receptor (C3b-RR) in the SD patients was significantly lower than that of normal group and the rosette rate of red cell immune complex (IC-R) was significantly higher than that of normal group (P < 0.01); the C3b-RR in the diarrhea group was markedly lower than the non-diarrhea group, tce IC-R in the diarrhea group was markedly higher than the non-diarrhea group (P < 0.01), C3b -RR and IC-R correlated positively or negatively to the absorptivity of D-xylose hemoglobin, red blood cell and plasma albumin (P < 0.01). The results pointed out that the mechanism for the reduction of erythrocytic immune function was that the malnutrition in SD patients lowered the C3b receptors or damaged them or reduced their activity. The degree of malabsorption and systemic dysfunction in the diarrhea group was more serious, the erythrocytic immune function in the SD patient was lower.

[Graduated quantitative diagnosis of spleen deficiency syndrome].

90 Cases with Spleen Deficiency Syndrome (SDS) in various diseases of different body system were studied to obtain a quantitative measurement of the syndrome for more accurate diagnosis. Rates of symptom manifestation of SDS, absorptivity of D-xylose, activity of salivary amylase, hemoglobin level, RBC count, plasma albumin, cardiac function as well as some parameters of hemorheology and lymphocyte transformation rate were observed. The results clearly showed that the D-xylose absorptivity was much lower in patients with higher appearance rate of SDS symptoms, which was dose-dependent. Along with the lowering of D-xylose absorptivity, the values of above-mentioned parameters dropped were positively correlated to it. On the contrary, the peripheral vascular resistance elevated as D-xylose absorptivity dropped. The author divided the SDS into three stages as a graduated quantitative diagnosis based on the drop of D-xylose absorptivity, the increase of SDS symptom and other changes of laboratory findings.

Glomus tumours of the hand and foot.

Between 1982 and 1991 we treated 48 patients with a glomus tumour in the hand or foot. There were 42 women and 6 men, aged between 14 and 61 years. Forty-five tumours were in the subungual region and 41 were on the anterolateral aspect of a distal phalanx. The lesions presented with a classic triad of pain, tenderness and sensitivity to temperature, particularly cold. Excision of the tumour was curative.

[Determination of residues of 20 kinds of organochlorinated pesticides in oils, fruits and vegetables by wide-bore capillary gas chromatographic column].

A rapid and high performance gas chromatographic method for the determination of 20 organchlorinated pesticides in oils, fruits and vegetables has been developed. The samples of fruits and vegetables were extracted with petroleum ether-acetone, while those of oils were extracted with acetonitrile-hexane. The extract was purified by Florisil column with ethyl ether-hexane(15:85, V/V) or ethyl ether-petroleum ether(15:85, V/V) as eluent. Chromatographic analysis was performed on wide-bore capillary column with ECD detector. Satisfactory separation and detection of these organchlorinated pesticides are presented with the proposed method. The detection limits of this method were 1.0 ng/g-20.0 ng/g(S/N = 5), the recoveries 83.2%-106.8% and the relative standard deviations 2.0%-9.5%.