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1.
Cell ; 186(3): 621-645.e33, 2023 02 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36736301

RESUMO

Inborn errors of human IFN-γ-dependent macrophagic immunity underlie mycobacterial diseases, whereas inborn errors of IFN-α/ß-dependent intrinsic immunity underlie viral diseases. Both types of IFNs induce the transcription factor IRF1. We describe unrelated children with inherited complete IRF1 deficiency and early-onset, multiple, life-threatening diseases caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria and related intramacrophagic pathogens. These children have no history of severe viral disease, despite exposure to many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, which is life-threatening in individuals with impaired IFN-α/ß immunity. In leukocytes or fibroblasts stimulated in vitro, IRF1-dependent responses to IFN-γ are, both quantitatively and qualitatively, much stronger than those to IFN-α/ß. Moreover, IRF1-deficient mononuclear phagocytes do not control mycobacteria and related pathogens normally when stimulated with IFN-γ. By contrast, IFN-α/ß-dependent intrinsic immunity to nine viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, is almost normal in IRF1-deficient fibroblasts. Human IRF1 is essential for IFN-γ-dependent macrophagic immunity to mycobacteria, but largely redundant for IFN-α/ß-dependent antiviral immunity.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Mycobacterium , Criança , Humanos , Interferon gama , SARS-CoV-2 , Interferon-alfa , Fator Regulador 1 de Interferon
2.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 113(51): E8277-E8285, 2016 12 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27930337

RESUMO

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is defined as recurrent or persistent infection of the skin, nails, and/or mucosae with commensal Candida species. The first genetic etiology of isolated CMC-autosomal recessive (AR) IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) deficiency-was reported in 2011, in a single patient. We report here 21 patients with complete AR IL-17RA deficiency, including this first patient. Each patient is homozygous for 1 of 12 different IL-17RA alleles, 8 of which create a premature stop codon upstream from the transmembrane domain and have been predicted and/or shown to prevent expression of the receptor on the surface of circulating leukocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Three other mutant alleles create a premature stop codon downstream from the transmembrane domain, one of which encodes a surface-expressed receptor. Finally, the only known missense allele (p.D387N) also encodes a surface-expressed receptor. All of the alleles tested abolish cellular responses to IL-17A and -17F homodimers and heterodimers in fibroblasts and to IL-17E/IL-25 in leukocytes. The patients are currently aged from 2 to 35 y and originate from 12 unrelated kindreds. All had their first CMC episode by 6 mo of age. Fourteen patients presented various forms of staphylococcal skin disease. Eight were also prone to various bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. Human IL-17RA is, thus, essential for mucocutaneous immunity to Candida and Staphylococcus, but otherwise largely redundant. A diagnosis of AR IL-17RA deficiency should be considered in children or adults with CMC, cutaneous staphylococcal disease, or both, even if IL-17RA is detected on the cell surface.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/imunologia , Candidíase/imunologia , Micoses/imunologia , Receptores de Interleucina-17/deficiência , Receptores de Interleucina-17/genética , Alelos , Candida , Membrana Celular , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Genes Recessivos , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Células HEK293 , Homozigoto , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Masculino , Mutação , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Linhagem , Receptores de Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Pele/microbiologia , Linfócitos T/citologia
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