RESUMO
Ischemic stroke is a major global health issue. Ischemia and subsequent reperfusion results in stroke-related brain injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEATa and early growth response 1 (EGR1) are involved in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury). In this study, we aimed to explore the roles of NEAT1/EGR1 axis as well as its downstream effector RNA binding motif protein 25 (RBM25) in cerebral IR injury. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were used to establish in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral IR injury, respectively. According to our data, NEAT1, EGR1, and RBM25 levels were elevated in OGD/R-exposed SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y cells and cerebral cortex of MCAO mice. NEAT1, EGR1, or RBM25 knockdown effectively reduced infarct volumes and apoptosis, and improved neurological function. Mechanistically, NEAT1 directly interacted with EGR1, which restrained WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (WWP1)-mediated ubiquitination of EGR1 and subsequently caused EGR1 accumulation. EGR1 bound to RBM25 promoter and transcriptionally activated RBM25. Rescue experiments indicated that RBM25 overexpression abolished the therapeutic effects of NEAT1 knockdown. In conclusion, this work identified a novel NEAT1/EGR1/RBM25 axis in potentiating brain injury after IR insults, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas , Isquemia Encefálica , AVC Isquêmico , MicroRNAs , Neuroblastoma , RNA Longo não Codificante , Traumatismo por Reperfusão , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/metabolismo , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média , Oxigênio/metabolismo , Apoptose/genética , Glucose/metabolismo , Motivos de Ligação ao RNA , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligases/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to reveal the detailed immune-related mechanisms underlying ischemic stroke (IS) and identify new immune-associated biomarkers for clinical management. METHODS: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IS samples and normal controls were identified using the GSE16561 dataset. The feature genes of the immune cells were investigated using the GSE72642 dataset. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to reveal module genes, followed by an investigation of common DEGs and a functional enrichment analysis. Potential biomarkers were identified based on hub genes in protein-protein interaction networks and WGCNA. Finally, GSE158312 was used for biomarker verification. RESULTS: In total, 1230 DEGs were identified between the IS samples and normal controls. Seven clinically significant modules were identified using WGCNA. The yellow module genes were positively correlated with polymorphonuclear cells (PMNC), whereas the brown module genes were positively correlated with CD4+ T cells. Eight genes were selected as hub genes. These genes are mainly involved in functions such as the innate immune response. Upregulated TLR2 and ARG1 levels were significantly different between the two groups in the verification dataset. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest ARG1 and TLR2 as novel biomarkers for IS. Upregulated TLR2 might play a role in IS development by participating in the innate immune response function.
Assuntos
AVC Isquêmico , Humanos , Receptor 2 Toll-Like , Biomarcadores , Mapas de Interação de ProteínasRESUMO
Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) has been reported to play a key role in protecting neurons from ischaemic injury. However, the exact molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. PC12 cells were exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) conditions to mimic ischaemic injury in vitro. The expression of the HIF1α mRNA, miR20a5p, and kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A) mRNA was tested using qRT-PCR. Levels of the HIF1α, LC3I/II, P62, LAMP2, cathepsin B (CTSB) and KIF5A proteins were determined using western blotting. The CCK8 assay was conducted to assess PC12 cell viability. DQRedBSA and LysoSensor Green DND189 dyes were employed to measure the proteolytic activity and pH of lysosomes, respectively. The interaction between miR20a5p and HIF1α or KIF5A was verified by performing chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and/or dualluciferase reporter assays. TUNEL staining was adopted to assess PC12 cell death. GFPLC3 and RFPGFPLC3 probes were used to examine the autophagy status and autophagy flux of PC12 cells. A rat middle cerebral artery occlusionreperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established to investigate the role of the HIF1α/miR20a5p/KIF5A axis in ischaemic stroke in vivo. OGD/R exposure initiated PC12 cell autophagy and injury. HIF1α expression was substantially increased in PC12 cells after OGD/R exposure. Overexpression of HIF1α reversed the effects of OGD/R on reducing cell viability, blocking autophagy flux and inducing lysosome dysfunction. These rescue effects of HIF1α depended on KIF5A. HIF1α negatively regulated miR20a5p expression by targeting its promoter region, and miR20a5p directly targeted and negatively regulated the KIF5A mRNA. Overexpression of miR20a5p abolished the effects of HIF1α on rescuing OGD/Rinduced injury in PC12 cells. The effects of the HIF1α/miR20a5p/KIF5A axis were verified in MCAO/R rats. HIF1α protects PC12 cells from OGD/Rinduced cell injury by regulating autophagy flux through the miR20a5p/KIF5A axis.
Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia , Cinesinas , MicroRNAs , Traumatismo por Reperfusão , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Animais , Apoptose , Autofagia , Catepsina B , Sobrevivência Celular , Glucose/metabolismo , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Cinesinas/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Oxigênio , Células PC12 , RNA Mensageiro , Ratos , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disorder. The functions of lncRNA RMRP have been characterized mainly in various human cancers. However, the functional network of RMRP in AD progression remains unknown. METHODS: Human serum samples, AD transgenic (Tg) mice as well as SH-SY5Y cells were used in this study. The RNA expression patterns of RMRP, miR-3142 and TRIB3 were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Levels of apoptosis- or autophagy-associated biomarkers and TRIB3 level were evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blotting or immunofluorescence assays, respectively. Bioinformatics methods and luciferase assays were used to predict and validate the interactions among RMRP, miR-3142, and TRIB3. Flow cytometry, TUNEL staining and EdU assays were used to examine the apoptosis and proliferation of neurons, respectively. RESULTS: The elevated RMRP and TRIB3 expressions and activation of autophagy were observed in AD. Knockdown of RMRP restrained neuronal apoptosis and autophagy activation in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, TRIB3 overexpression reversed the biological effects of RMRP silencing on Aß1-42-induced cell apoptosis and autophagy. Further mechanistic analysis showed RMRP acted as a sponge of miR-3142 to elevate TRIB3 level. CONCLUSION: These data illustrated that knockdown of RMRP inhibited autophagy and apoptosis via regulating miR-3142/TRIB3 axis in AD, suggesting that inhibition of RMRP maybe a therapeutic strategy for AD.