Performance Analysis of Routable GOOSE Security Algorithm for Substation Communication through Public Internet Network.

Traditional unidirectional power systems that produce large-scale electricity and supply it using an ultra-high voltage power grid are changing globally to increase efficiency. Current substations' protection relays rely only on internal substation data, where they are located, to detect changes. However, to more accurately detect changes in the system, various data from several external substations, including micro-grids, are required. As such, communication technology regarding data acquisition has become an essential function for next-generation substations. Data aggregators that use the GOOSE protocol to collect data inside substations in real-time have been developed, but data acquisition from external substations is challenging in terms of cost and security, so only internal substation data are used. This paper proposes the acquisition of data from external substations by applying security to R-GOOSE, defined in the IEC 61850 standard, over a public internet network. This paper also develops a data aggregator based on R-GOOSE, showing data acquisition results.

An Interoperable Communication Framework for Grid Frequency Regulation Support from Microgrids.

Renewable energy sources, which are controllable under the management of the microgrids with the contribution of energy storage systems and smart inverters, can support power system frequency regulation along with traditionally frequency control providers. This issue will not be viable without a robust communication architecture that meets all communication specification requirements of frequency regulation, including latency, reliability, and security. Therefore, this paper focuses on providing a communication framework of interacting between the power grid management system and microgrid central controller. In this scenario, the microgrid control center is integrated into the utility grid as a frequency regulation supporter for the main grid. This communication structure emulates the information model of the IEC 61850 protocol to meet interoperability. By employing IoT's transmission protocol data distribution services, the structure satisfies the communication requirements for interacting in the wide-area network. This paper represents an interoperable information model for the microgrid central controller and power system management sectors' interactions based on the IEC 61850-8-2 standard. Furthermore, we evaluate our scenario by measuring the latency, reliability, and security performance of data distribution services on a real communication testbed.

An intelligent system based on optimized ANFIS and association rules for power transformer fault diagnosis.

This research work put forward an intelligent method for diagnosis and classification of power transformers faults based on the instructive Dissolved Gas Analysis Method (DGAM) attributes and machine learning algorithms. In the proposed method, 14 attributes obtained through DGAM are utilized as the initial and unprocessed inputs of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). In this method, attribute selection and improved learning algorithm are utilized to enhance fault detection and recognition precision. In the propounded fault detection and classification method, the most instructive attributes obtained by DGAM are selected by association rules learning technique (ARLT). Using efficient enlightening attributes and eliminating tautological attributes lead to higher accuracy and superior operation. Furthermore, appropriate training of ANFIS has significant effect on its precision and robustness. Therefore, Black Widow Optimization Algorithm (BWOA) is applied to train the ANFIS. Having excellent exploration and extraction capability, fast convergence speed and simplicity is the main reason for choosing the BWOA as the learning algorithm. Two industrial datasets are utilized to test and evaluate the performance of the put forward method. The results show that the propounded diagnosis system has high accuracy, robust performance and short run time. Selecting the most educative attributes of DGAM, training ANFIS optimally, improving the robustness of ANFIS and increasing the classification accuracy are the main contribution of this paper in the field of power transformer fault detection and classification.