RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: It is known that skeletal changes due to secondary hyperparathyroidism (SH) can be severe in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently described Sagliker syndrome (SS) is a very striking and prominent feature of SH in CKD, including an uglifying appearance to the face, short stature, extremely severe maxillary and mandibulary changes, soft tissue in the mouth, teeth/dental abnormalities, fingertip changes, knee and scapula deformities, hearing abnormalities, and neurological and, more important, severe psychological problems. DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS: In the past 8 years, we have encountered 40 cases of SS in SH and CKD by performing an international study in Turkey, India, Romania, Egypt, Maleysia, Tunis, and China. RESULTS: The medical history of these patients showed that they did not receive proper therapy. Changes, particularly in children and teenagers, become irreversible, which was disastrous for the patients both aesthetically and psychologically. CONCLUSION: Treatment must begin early and be the appropriate treatment given in centers with sophisticated skills. Otherwise, the inability to correct all the changes in the skull and face, to remodel a new face, to extending the height, and, most important, to convince the patients to face the dramatic psychological problems can be catastrophic for those patients.
Assuntos
Face/anormalidades , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/psicologia , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Adulto , Estatura , Ossos Faciais/anormalidades , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/epidemiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/psicologia , Masculino , Irmãos , Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Coluna Vertebral/anormalidadesRESUMO
It is well known that secondary hyperparathyroidism may be an extremely severe condition in chronic renal failure, and almost all patients with chronic kidney disease, even in the well-developed countries, encounter every kind of bone abnormalities if they are not treated properly. Although some sporadic cases have been reported of unique facial bone changes, the largest collection of this phenomenon has been reported by Sagliker et al. We also have found 6 of 9 patients who have these changes (Sagliker syndrome) to manifest class II malocclusion of the upper and lower jaws according to dental universally accepted criteria by performing cephalometric studies, x-ray plain films, tomographic procedures, and drawing technology.
Assuntos
Doenças Ósseas/etiologia , Cefalometria , Ossos Faciais , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/complicações , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/diagnóstico , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/epidemiologia , SíndromeRESUMO
Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) often have signs and symptoms related to fluid and electrolyte disturbances, anemia, malnutrition, bone disease, and gastrointestinal problems. Vascular and neurologic impairment in particular remain an important source of morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable patient population. Sagliker syndrome is a novel syndrome that was recently described in 2004 in patients with CRF and severe and late secondary hyperparathyroidism who suffered from severe skull and facial bone changes, particularly from uglifying human face appearances and neuropsychiatric disorders. The goal of this study was to assess neuropsychiatric manifestations occurring in CRF patients with Sagliker syndrome. Four female and 8 male patients with CRF on regular dialysis at the hemodialysis units of the Internal Medicine Departments around southern Turkey participated in the study. All patients underwent a clinical neurologic examination performed by the same neurologist. Neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms were found in all cases. The results showed that the most frequent neurologic manifestations in CRF patients with Sagliker syndrome were headache, polyneuropathy, cranial neuropathy, fatigue, and psychiatric disorders.
Assuntos
Doenças Ósseas/complicações , Ossos Faciais , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/complicações , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/epidemiologia , Fadiga , Feminino , Cefaleia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/complicações , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Polineuropatias/epidemiologia , Diálise Renal , SíndromeRESUMO
Almost every patient with chronic renal failure (CRF) eventually develops secondary hyperparathyroidism (SH) unless they are treated with proper and novel medications in advanced medical centers by skilled medical personnel. Every kind of bone abnormality including skull deformities has been described in detail by almost every concerned researcher and textbook, but descriptions of this phenomenon are limited in the medical literature to the years from 1973 to 1977. To our knowledge, extensive data regarding uglifying human face appearances have not been defined so far in the literature. We are therefore making this addition to the clinical nephrology field by accumulating such data. After we found 2 consecutive peculiar and unique patients with uglifying human face appearances in 2000, we attempted to inform and draw attention to this new entity to all hemodialysis (HD) centers in Turkey, as well as in other developing countries around the world to collect data on this phenomenon. Accordingly, we visited dialysis centers and patients' houses to collect detailed information, including medical clinical histories, physical examinations, laboratory data, biographies, current medications, and so forth. We found 25 patients who had CRF, SH, short stature, extremely severe skull changes, maxillary and mandibular bone changes, teeth/dental abnormalities, and soft and innocuous tumoral tissues in the mouth (hence, uglifying the appearance of the face), fingertip changes, severe psychologic problems, and depression. It appears that patients with CRF may have a new syndrome of bone deformities that have long been neglected, ignored, and forgotten since the mid-1970s when they were first described. This is vital and critical information for the clinical status of patients who suffered from the syndrome that we have named Sagliker syndrome (SS), and we believe there are many more patients in the world who are suffering from it.