Prevalence and distribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexican adult population: a probabilistic survey.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence, distribution and degree of control of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexican population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subjects were classified as previously diagnosed T2D (PD); or as "finding of the survey" (FS) (glucose >or=126 mg/dL). Hemoglobin A1c was measured in PD-subjects. RESULTS: The prevalence for PD-T2D was 7.34% (95%CI 6.3, 8.5) and for FS 7.07% (95%CI 6.1, 8.1), summing 14.42%; (7.3 million diabetics). 5.3% of PD-T2D were in good, 38.4% in poor and 56.2% very poor control. Older age (OR=0.96, 95%CI 0.94, 0.97), lower BMI (OR=0.95, 95%CI 0.91, 1.0), were protective for poor control. Affiliation to private services (OR=1.77, 95%CI 0.98, 3.13), larger T2D duration (OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.01, 1.08), and combining oral medication and insulin (OR=16.1, 95%CI 1.61, 161) were riskier. CONCLUSIONS: We found an alarming prevalence of T2D in Mexican population; the majority of PD diabetics are in poor control. Research on the latter is warranted.

Model for estimating nutrient addition contents to staple foods fortified simultaneously: Mexico and Kampala data.

The objective of this work was to present a generic model for estimating fortification contents when several food vehicles are being considered simultaneously. It is based on approximating the magnitude of the nutritional inadequacy of the population (nutrient gap), the optimal use of the combination of food vehicles (fortifiable food energy, FFE), and the upper intake level to decrease the possibility that individuals with the highest combined intake of all food vehicles will exceed it. The model is intended to be used when only per capita food and micronutrient intake information, not detailed food intake data, are available. Food consumption survey data from Mexico and Kampala (Uganda) were analyzed for adult women, assuming that their intake may be similar to general per capita values. General adjustment factors for estimating the lowest and highest FFE and micronutrient intake for satisfying the requirements of other family members were calculated. These factors were used to estimate the additional effective content and the maximum allowable content, and then the recommended nutrient contents at the consumers' level were chosen on the basis of technological compatibility and cost. The method should be used in other contexts to test its validity as well as its application to nonstaple foods.

Prevalence and distribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexican adult population: a probabilistic survey / Prevalencia y distribuición de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en población adulta mexicana: una encuesta probabilística

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence, distribution and degree of control of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexican population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subjects were classified as previously diagnosed T2D (PD); or as "finding of the survey" (FS) (glucose >126 mg/dL). Hemoglobin A1c was measured in PD-subjects. RESULTS: The prevalence for PD-T2D was 7.34 percent (95 percentCI 6.3, 8.5) and for FS 7.07 percent (95 percentCI 6.1, 8.1), summing 14.42 percent; (7.3 million diabetics). 5.3 percent of PD-T2D were in good, 38.4 percent in poor and 56.2 percent very poor control. Older age (OR=0.96, 95 percentCI 0.94, 0.97), lower BMI (OR=0.95, 95 percentCI 0.91, 1.0), were protective for poor control. Affiliation to private services (OR=1.77, 95 percentCI 0.98, 3.13), larger T2D duration (OR=1.05, 95 percentCI 1.01, 1.08), and combining oral medication and insulin (OR=16.1, 95 percentCI 1.61, 161) were riskier. CONCLUSIONS: We found an alarming prevalence of T2D in Mexican population; the majority of PD diabetics are in poor control. Research on the latter is warranted.

OBJETIVO: Describir la prevalencia, distribución y grado de control de diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) en población mexicana. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Los sujetos fueron clasificados como "previamente diagnosticados" (PD) o "hallazgos de la encuesta" (FS) (glucosa >126 mg/dL). La hemoglobina A1c se midió en DT2-PD. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de DT2-PD fue 7.34 por ciento (IC95 por ciento 6.3, 8.5) y 7.07 por ciento.(IC95 por ciento 6.1, 8.1) para FS, sumando 14.42 por ciento (7.3 millones de diabéticos). Los DT2-PD tenían 5.3 por ciento control bueno, 38.4 por ciento, malo y 56.2 por ciento muy malo. Tener mayor edad (RM=0.96, IC95 por ciento 0.95, 0.97) o IMC más bajo (RM=0.95, IC95 por ciento 0.91, 1.0) fueron protectores contra mal control. Atenderse en servicios médicos privados (RM=1.77, IC95 por ciento 0.98, 3.13), larga duración de DT2 (RM=1.05, IC95 por ciento 1.01, 1.08) o recibir hipoglucemiantes más insulina (RM=16.1, IC95 por ciento 1.61, 161) fueron de riesgo. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una prevalencia alarmante de DT2 en la población mexicana, la mayoría de los PD-DT2 tenían mal control glicémico. Se necesita más investigación sobre este problema.