RESUMO
A fatal case of aortic valve endocarditis due to Abiotrophia defectiva was reported in Brazil. An overview of cases of endocarditis and other human infections related to A. defectiva in developing countries was also accomplished.
Assuntos
Abiotrophia/isolamento & purificação , Valva Aórtica/patologia , Endocardite Bacteriana/epidemiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/epidemiologia , Valva Aórtica/microbiologia , Brasil , Análise por Conglomerados , DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Países em Desenvolvimento , Endocardite Bacteriana/microbiologia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Cellular senescence is a state of terminal cell cycle arrest associated with various macromolecular changes and a hypersecretory phenotype. In the brain, senescent cells naturally accumulate during aging and at sites of age-related pathologies. Here, we discuss the recent advances in understanding the accumulation of senescent cells in brain aging and disorders. Here we highlight the phenotypical heterogeneity of different senescent brain cell types, highlighting the potential importance of subtype-specific features for physiology and pathology. We provide a comprehensive overview of various senescent cell types in naturally occurring aging and the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, we critically discuss the potential of adapting senotherapeutics to improve brain health and reduce pathological progression, addressing limitations and future directions for application and development.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Humanos , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Senescência Celular/fisiologia , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo CelularRESUMO
Accurate biomarkers for predicting COVID-19 severity have remained an unmet need due to an incomplete understanding of virus pathogenesis and heterogeneity among patients. Cellular senescence and its pro-inflammatory phenotype are suggested to be a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and potentially drive infection-dependent pathological sequelae. Senescence-associated markers in infected individuals have been identified primarily in the lower respiratory tract, while little is known about their presence in more easily accessible bio-specimens. Here, we measured the abundance of senescence-associated signatures in whole blood, plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of COVID-19 patients and patients without an infection. Bulk transcriptomic and targeted proteomic assays revealed that the level of senescence-associated markers, including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), is predictive of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Single-cell RNA-sequencing data demonstrated that a senescence signature is particularly enriched in monocytes of COVID-19 patients, partially correlating with disease severity. Our findings suggest that monocytes are prematurely induced to senescence by SARS-CoV-2 infection, might contribute to exacerbating a SASP-like inflammatory response and can serve as markers and predictors for COVID-19 and its sequelae.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Monócitos , Humanos , Leucócitos Mononucleares , Proteômica , SARS-CoV-2 , Progressão da DoençaRESUMO
The environmental exposure to mercury by riverine and Indian communities can occur through the ingestion of fish and products contaminated by mercury compounds. The present study aims to evaluate the total mercury concentration in the different fish species most consumed in the municipality of Itaituba, Tapajós river basin, where there are intense gold-mining activities. These fish samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry by cold vapor technique, Automatic Mercury Analyzer HG-3500. The largest mercury concentrations were found in the carnivorous species ranging from 112.4 to 2250 microg/g, while the detritivorous, herbivorous and omnivorous species presented total mercury levels ranging from 3.2 to 309.8 microg/g, which is below the limit established by the World Health Organization. This paper also reports and identifies which species are more polluted and present a statistical relationship among concentration and weight of the carnivorous species studied in detail, Brachyplatystoma flavicans (dourada) (r2 = 0.691) and Pseudoplatystoma sp. (surubim) (r2 = 0.654).