Factors influencing graduate students' behavioral intention to use Google Classroom: Case study-mixed methods research.

Blended learning combines face-to-face instruction and online learning experiences. It capitalizes on online learning management systems, one of which is Google Classroom (GC). Nevertheless, empirical investigations have mirrored literature gaps in understanding how the GC platform affects students' behavioral intention to harness it for web-based learning. Therefore, this case study applied a modified version of the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) as a theoretical underpinning to examine factors influencing graduate students' behavioral intention to utilize the GC platform. Employing mixed methods explanatory sequential design, the study first analyzed survey data from 23 EFL graduate students implementing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Subsequently, it conducted a qualitative stage carrying out semi-structured interviews for data collection and thematic analysis for its evaluation. The study through PLS-SEM results revealed that the most crucial determinant of students' behavioral intention toward the GC platform was habit, which hung on facilitating conditions and hedonic motivation. Besides, it evinced facilitating conditions as the most important performing interaction factor in determining graduate students' behavioral intention. Nonetheless, it indicated that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and hedonic motivation had no direct effect on behavioral intention. The follow-up qualitative findings explained that since the students mainly used the GC platform off-campus, the GC App on their smartphones and the interesting content on the GC platform sustained their habitual tendencies toward employing the GC platform. Accordingly, the study explicates implications and recommendations for theory, policy, and practice.

English as a foreign language students' acceptance of Google Classroom in writing classes: A case study in Vietnam.

Google Classroom is a virtual education platform created by Google that allows both instructors and learners to actively participate in educational environments inside and outside of the classroom in an innovative way. This research aims to determine how university students perceived the adoption of Google Classroom in writing classes. This research was a convergent parallel mix-methods approach in which data were gathered through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The participants of this study included 130 university students in Vietnam. The results revealed that students expressed their approval of using Google Classroom in writing classes and that they had a positive view since it benefited them greatly in their learning writing process. This study suggests practical implications for language educators to use Google Classroom in writing classes.

E-classroom as a Blended Learning Tool: A Structural Equation Modelling Analysis Using Modified Technology Acceptance Model.

BACKGROUND: E-classrooms help teachers save time, keep classes organized, and improve communication with students. This study aims to assess Google Classroom's usefulness in enhancing medical students' knowledge and acceptance of new technology for in-depth learning. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This educational interventional study was carried out on 100 students in the 3rd year of the M.B.B.S., Part 1. After a briefing about Google Classroom and educational topics, enrolled students and faculty were allowed to discuss the topic for two months. Following this, the descriptive approach was utilized to describe the respondents' technology acceptance through the administration of the technology acceptance model (TAM) survey questionnaire. RESULTS: Students were actively involved in discussion, with a 67% response rate. Nearly 85% of students agreed that Google Classroom is a satisfactory way for in-depth knowledge acquisition. On factor analysis, it was observed that the goodness of fit was 0.985, suggesting that the model is acceptable. It was also found that perceived usefulness (PU) had a significant positive effect on motivation towards self-directed learning (SDL), and perceived ease of use (PEOU) had a positive effect on both behavioural intention and actual use. CONCLUSION: Google Classroom is a valuable tool for learning that can enhance active self-learning and increase behavioural intention and actual use. It should be incorporated into day-to-day teaching activities to overcome time constraints.

Competency categorization and roles of online teachers from the perspective of university students.

The teaching and learning process is facing many unprecedented challenges that require innovative solutions in the short life of knowledge and the abrupt development of technology. Some of these challenges are the new roles of teachers who are the main constituents in the online teaching process. The main aim of this study revolved around determining and analyzing university students' priorities concerning the competency categorization and roles of online teachers. The research was based on Moodle and Google classroom to validate the competency elements with the final aim of improving teaching and learning processes. The data were collected by using an online questionnaire that evaluated eight dimensions of competencies and roles of online teachers. The research sample consisted of 430 participants (aged between 19 and 30) from Iraq and Oman. The results obtained from these two countries were very similar as the respondents highlighted professional, pedagogical and social competencies in their teachers. It further shows that though the applications used in the two contexts were different (Google classroom with Google Meet or Moodle), it did not affect the final results gained. The results of this survey could be important for further analysis of online teaching practice and bring several important insights regarding the possibilities of online teaching.

Google Classroom as a Teaching Tool for Undergraduate Embryology.

Context and aim Modern teaching of medicine has evolved into a beyond-the-classroom experience. Learning management systems (LMSs) have made this possible because of easy accessibility and user-friendliness. The COVID-19 lockdown further accentuated the need for this mode of education delivery. General embryology (GE) is a subject under human anatomy that does not rely on "touch-and-feel" as much as other medical subjects. Assess Google Classroom (GC) as a teaching tool to deliver an online undergraduate-level general embryology (GE) course. Settings and design A cross-sectional study involving 211 undergraduate medical students across India. Methods and material A pre-and post-quiz model was adopted to evaluate the efficiency of a five-lecture course on GE. The course content was delivered via 20-minute YouTube video lectures, uploaded on GC. Lastly, student feedback regarding gadget preferences and the overall learning experience was collected. Statistical Analysis: The confidence interval was set at 95%, and a p-value

Perception of e-learning in medical students and faculty during COVID time: A study based on a questionnaire-based survey.

BACKGROUND: With the emergence of COVID, we are forced to use e-learning in form of arranging online classes for students. Medical educators all over the world are conducting online classes for students. This study aimed to evaluate the perception of online learning among MBBS students and teachers through a questionnaire-based survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done in the AIIMS, Bhopal. The study was based on questionnaire (online Google form) response received from 43 number of faculty and 156 number of students. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Chi-square test and unpaired t-test were used for statistical analysis using statistical software Systac 13.2. RESULTS: Handling software, technical issues, and lack of face-to-face interaction were more significant problems in students compared to faculty. The desire for the social site which causes disturbances in learning was a significant problem in the students compared to faculty. Giving and taking assessment problem was reported by 60% and 63.8% of faculty and students, respectively (P = 0.67). Both groups preferred the Google Classroom platform (P = 0.16). Students (65.3%) preferred audiovisual recording, while faculty (72%) preferred PowerPoint with narration. PowerPoint presentation without narration was the least preferred (10.8%). Both groups stressed the importance of training (P = 0.17) and infrastructure development (P = 0.85). Students, as well as faculty, strongly discouraged e-learning for practical/clinical teaching. CONCLUSIONS: Students, as well as faculty, have mixed reactions toward e-learning. Most importantly affected in the present scenario is practical/clinical teaching and assessment. Every attempt needs to be done to strengthen infrastructure and impart training to students and faculty.

Exploring the Factors Affecting Behavioural Intention to Use Google Classroom: University Teachers' Perspectives in Bangladesh and Nigeria.

University teachers in Bangladesh and Nigeria, in general, are novices in using modern technologies such as Google classroom in the teaching learning process. This study aims to explore teachers' attitudes towards the use of Google classroom and investigate the factors that influence the teachers' acceptance and behavioural intentions to use it as a learning management system. A quantitative method has been used to examine the teachers' acceptance of Google classroom based on a simplified technology acceptance model (TAM) in two universities located in Bangladesh and Nigeria. The study reveals that Bangladeshi teachers have a higher positive attitude towards accepting this platform compared to Nigerian teachers. Besides, Nigerian teachers are impacted significantly by the technology challenges during its use. The findings of this study inform educators of the key aspects of Google classroom use which could enable them to effectively adopt it during and post the COVID-19 pandemic.

Effectiveness of Integrated Google Classroom, Reciprocal Peer Teaching and Flipped Classroom on Learning Outcomes of Research Methodology: A Natural Experiment.

Background To maintain physical distancing for reducing the spread of COVID-19, online learning appears to be a viable option to carry on teaching and learning. Aim The aim of study was to assess the effectiveness of integrated flipped classroom and reciprocal peer teaching (RPT) using Google Classroom as a learning management system (LMS) for teaching and learning, a module of Research Methodology. We also aimed to assess learner's satisfaction. Methods An educational interventional study was conducted with 17 students enrolled in the Master of Public Health course, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, for one month. As per protocol development and integration were conducted and validated pre- and post-tests were held for assessment of knowledge and skill component. Class normalized learning gain was used as objective measure for improvement in knowledge and skill. Students' feedback was collected using a structured questionnaire at the end of module. Results Mean test scores of knowledge and skill, improved significantly from 26.4 (11.95) to 33.64 (6.63) and 17.88 (5.7) to 62.76 (18.18) respectively. Class average normalized gain for knowledge and skill was 30.28% and 55.67, respectively. Students agreed that online learning imparted good understanding, at comfortable pace, opportunity for interaction. Students felt poor network affected their learning. Conclusion The study concluded that flipped classroom and RPT integrated with Google Classroom is an effective intervention.

Evaluating the effectiveness of an online faculty development programme for nurse educators about remote teaching during COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: Engaging learners during the COVID-19 pandemic is a significant challenge for educators. The pandemic has propelled the popularity of online learning, with Google Classroom being widely used by educational institutions as a remote learning platform. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an online faculty development programme on nurse educators' perceived competency in creating and delivering e-content using Google Classroom and other freely available digital tools. METHODS: A pre-experimental design was adopted for the research. A six-module online faculty development course was conducted for 24 nurse educators of an affiliated nursing college, over a period of eight days. A debriefing session was held on ninth day after the completion of the course. A 10-item rating scale was used to assess the participants' perceptions of their competency in using Google Classroom and other digital tools for online teaching before and after the online faculty development course. RESULTS: Out of 24 trained participants, 18 completed the post-evaluation rating scale, giving a response rate of 75%. In the post-evaluation phase, a high level of competency was perceived by 83.3% of participants for using Google Classroom and 66.7% for creating video lectures and using an online grade book. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between pre- and post-course evaluations was observed. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the online faculty development programme enhanced the perceived skills of faculty members in effectively delivering online teaching using various digital tools during the pandemic.

Google classroom as a learning management system to teach biochemistry in a medical school.

Medical education has adopted various e-learning technologies to its aid. Addition of Google Classroom, introduced in 2014, as a Learning Management System (LMS) has provided a basic, easy to use platform. This study tested its efficacy in teaching a biochemistry module to first year MBBS students in an Indian medical school. Better access to learning material and supplementary teaching resources, helpfulness of immediate feedback, and learning outside of class environment were reported by students. Preference of mobile phone over laptop to access this LMS was reported. Use of this free to use LMS can be made, and especially in resource limited low and middle income countries, to encourage greater access to e-learning. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(4):404-407, 2019.

Proposta para implantação de um sistema de capacitação dos telefonistas da Central de Regulação do SAMU estadual utilizando tecnologias digitais / Proposal for the implementation of a system to train telephone operators at the state SAMU Regulatory Center using digital technologies

O objetivo da pesquisa aqui apresentada foi identificar as necessidades e as fragilidades do atendimento inicial ao público do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU 192) pelos telefonistas auxiliares de regulação médica (TARMs), a partir dos profissionais telefonistas e gestores do serviço. A importância deste estudo está relacionada à necessidade de implementar capacitação periódica destes profissionais telefonistas de nível médio, para um melhor atendimento à população gaúcha que faz uso deste serviço. O referencial teórico abordou a educação profissional em saúde com os pesquisadores da área da educação que estudam o ensino profissional na perspectiva do materialismo histórico, como Ricardo Antunes (2002), Gaudêncio Frigotto (2006), Maria Ciavatta (2006), Isabel Pereira (2006), Dermeval Saviani (2007), Marise Ramos (2006; 2009; 2010; 2014), Acácia Kuenzer (2017) e apresentou o SAMU, as Centrais de Regulação, o NEU e o papel dos TARMs. Considerando essa realidade, realizou-se, portanto, uma pesquisa de campo, do tipo exploratória, descritiva, e que utilizou o método qualitativo. O estudo foi composto por 3 etapas e envolveu 3 grupos de sujeitos distintos, a saber: os Telefonistas do SAMU Estadual, os servidores do Núcleo de Educação em Urgência e os Coordenadores do SAMU Estadual. Para tanto, partindo de análises de entrevistas coletadas na Central de Regulação do SAMU Estadual, propôs-se, como produto educacional, uma sequência didática de um curso de capacitação para os Telefonistas da Central de Regulação do SAMU Estadual, utilizando a tecnologia do "Google Sala de Aula". A intenção da pesquisa foi propiciar a visibilidade dos TARMs, trabalhadores com escolarização de nível médio, pela comunidade geral e acadêmica, apresentando a importante função social daqueles profissionais e a necessidade de compromisso dos gestores em propiciar um trabalho de qualidade e eficiência.(AU)

he objective of the research presented here was to identify the needs and weaknesses of the initial service to the public of the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU 192) by the auxiliary telephone operators for medical regulation (TARMs), from the telephone professionals and service managers. The importance of this study is related to the need to implement periodic training of these high school level telephone professionals, in order to better serve the population of Rio Grande do Sul who use this service. The theoretical reference addressed professional health education with researchers in the field of education who study professional education from the perspective of historical materialism, such as Ricardo Antunes (2002), Gaudêncio Frigotto (2006), Maria Ciavatta (2006), Isabel Pereira (2006 ), Dermeval Saviani (2007), Marise Ramos (2006; 2009; 2010; 2014), Acácia Kuenzer (2017) and presented SAMU, Regulation Centers, NEU and the role of TARMs. Considering this reality, therefore, an exploratory and descriptive field research was carried out, which used the qualitative method. The study consisted of 3 stages and involved 3 groups of different subjects, namely: the SAMU State Telephone Operators, the Emergency Education Center employees and the SAMU State Coordinators. To do so, based on analysis of interviews collected at the SAMU State Regulation Center, an educational sequence was proposed as an educational product for a training course for telephone operators at the State SAMU Regulation Center, using Google Classroom. The intention of the research was to provide the visibility of TARMs, workers with high school level, by the general and academic community, presenting the important social function of those professionals and the need for managers' commitment to provide quality and efficient work. (AU)