One hundred years of neuroradiology in Acta Radiologica: a Swedish perspective.

This year, Acta Radiologica marks its 100th anniversary. In this article, the authors present some of the highlights from the close collaboration between Swedish neuroradiology and Acta Radiologica over the last 100 years.

Neuronavigation: geneology, reality, and prospects.

Currently, neuronavigation is an indivisible and indispensable part of the neurosurgical reality with a significant potential impact in each neurosurgical procedure. The history of neuronavigation is quite short (< 3 decades), but full of highly promising achievements. The advent of neuronavigation would be unimaginable without the development of imaging technology, electronics, robotics, and space technology. The history of neuroradiology is reviewed briefly parallel with the detailed evolution of frame-based stereotaxy and its successor-neuronavigation. The historic milestones and the state of the art of neuronavigation are discussed in a genealogical manner. The future trends of neuronavigation as integrated with intraoperative CT, MR, and ultrasonography, as well as with robotic systems are outlined.

Neuroimaging: a story of physicians and basic scientists.

Until just a few decades ago, it was very difficult to detect, non invasively, physiological signals from the brain. However, the discoveries in physics, the evolution of information technology, and the invention of non-invasive biomedical technologies in the last decades of the twentieth century transformed this scenario and created numerous opportunities for studying the brain in living subjects. The authors trace the extraordinary evolution of brain imaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging, emission tomography, and ?functional neuroimaging?) in the second part of the twentieth century. Not only have these methods had a remarkable clinical impact, they have also been outstanding research tools in the field of the neurosciences. In their most recent applications, they are employed in the quest to uncover the neuronal substrate of the human mind.

[Point of view of the radioneurologist]. / Le point de vue des neuroradiologues.

Since the 1970s, neuroradiology has benefited from significant advances and has become less and less invasive. SALT group (Saint-Anne-Lariboisière-Tenon), created in 1986, treats and follows patients presenting with arteriovenous malformation with surgery, embolization and/or radiosurgery. Treatment failures and complications are analyzed in order to better define indications and improve techniques of treatment which benefit from advances in equipment and software, as well as in radiobiology and genetics.

Neuroradiology back to the future: spine imaging.

Although radiography of the spine began shortly after Roentgen's discovery in 1895, there was little written in the medical literature about spine imaging until nearly 25 years later with the development of myelography, first by using air and then a variety of positive contrast agents. The history of spine imaging before CT and MR imaging is, in large part, a history of the development of contrast agents for intrathecal use. The advent of CT and, more important, MR imaging revolutionized spine imaging. The spinal cord and its surrounding structures could now be noninvasively visualized in great detail. In situations in which myelography is still necessary, advances in contrast agents have made the procedure less painful with fewer side effects. In this historical review, we will trace the evolution of spine imaging that has led to less invasive techniques for the evaluation of the spine and its contents and has resulted in more rapid, more specific diagnosis, therapy, and improved outcomes.

Neuroradiology back to the future: brain imaging.

The beginning of neuroradiology can be traced to the early 1900s with the use of skull radiographs. Ventriculography and pneumoencephalography were introduced in 1918 and 1919, respectively, and carotid angiography, in 1927. Technical advances were made in these procedures during the next 40 years that lead to improved diagnosis of intracranial pathology. Yet, they remained invasive procedures that were often uncomfortable and associated with significant morbidity. The introduction of CT in 1971 revolutionized neuroradiology. Ventriculography and pneumoencephalography were rendered obsolete. The imaging revolution continued with the advent of MR imaging in the early 1980s. Noninvasive angiographic techniques have curtailed the use of conventional angiography, and physiologic imaging gives us a window into the function of the brain. In this historical review, we will trace the origin and evolution of the advances that have led to the quicker, less invasive diagnosis and resulted in more rapid therapy and improved outcomes.

Raupp: 50 years of neuroradiology.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the laboral and intellectual contributions of a founder of Brazilian Neuroradiology to the development of specialty. METHOD: Interviews were conducted with Dr. Raupp and contemporary doctors. Then we made a literature review with the Raupp search term aiming to identify those papers which included major changes in the diagnostic and therapeutic neurosurgical. RESULTS: The colleagues consulted were unanimous in recognizing the work of avant-garde and the importance of Dr. Raupp to the development of neuroradiological methods, especially in the pre-computed tomography fase. CONCLUSION: The work of Dr. Raupp was fundamental for the consolidation of Brazilian Neuroradiological School over the past five decades. He developed diagnostic and therapeutic techniques in congruence with the practices of the specialty on the global stage and he promoted education through medical residency programs.

[J.K.A. Wertheim Salomonson (1864-1922): nerves, currents and X-rays]. / Wertheim Salomonson (1864-1922) en zenuwen, stroom en stralen.

Wertheim Salomonson was the first specialist for nervous diseases at the University of Amsterdam. He was based in the department of internal medicine of the 'Binnengasthuis'. Through his keen interest in physics he introduced the medical community in The Netherlands firstly to the use of electricity in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disease and subsequently to the application of X-rays. His clinical expertise was greatest in disorders of muscle and the peripheral nervous system.

The evolution of clinical functional imaging during the past 2 decades and its current impact on neurosurgical planning.

BOLD fMRI has, during the past decade, made a major transition from a purely research imaging technique to a viable clinical technique used primarily for presurgical planning in patients with brain tumors and other resectable brain lesions. This review article briefly examines the history and evolution of clinical functional imaging, with particular emphasis on how the use of BOLD fMRI for neurosurgical planning has changed during the past 2 decades. Even more important, this article describes the many published studies during that same period that have examined the overall clinical impact that BOLD and DTI have made on surgical planning.