Pneumococcal vaccines: history, current status, and future directions.
Am J Med
; 107(1A): 69S-76S, 1999 Jul 26.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-10451012
ABSTRACT
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia and bacterial meningitis. Although effective antimicrobial drugs have reduced case fatality, the pneumococcus remains a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, prevention of infection by vaccination with the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for persons at high risk for serious pneumococcal disease, such as the elderly and individuals with certain underlying medical conditions. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines are safe and effective for the prevention of invasive infection among immunocompetent children and adults but are not immunogenic in infants. Conjugation of pneumococcal polysaccharides to a carrier protein improves immune responses among infants, and conjugate vaccines are currently being evaluated in large efficacy trials. The role of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in adults has not been determined. Pneumococcal vaccines directed against pneumococcal proteins and DNA vaccines that induce anti-pneumococcal antibodies have been evaluated in animal models and may someday provide complementary or alternative methods for preventing pneumococcal infection. Improved utilization of the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and continued development of improved vaccines are essential, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae highlights the importance of preventing pneumococcal infections by vaccination.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções Pneumocócicas
/
Streptococcus pneumoniae
/
Vacinas Bacterianas
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Aged
/
Animals
/
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Med
Ano de publicação:
1999
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos