Improvement of myocardial blood flow to ischemic regions by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with quinaprilat IV: a study using [15O] water dobutamine stress positron emission tomography.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to analyze the effects of acute angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on myocardial blood flow (MBF) in control and ischemic regions. BACKGROUND: Although animal studies indicate an improvement of MBF to ischemic regions after ACE inhibition, this effect has not been conclusively demonstrated in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: Myocardial blood flow was analyzed in ischemic and nonischemic regions of 10 symptomatic patients with coronary artery disease using repetitive [15O] water positron emission tomography at rest and during maximal dobutamine stress before and after ACE inhibition with quinaprilat 10 mg i.v. To exclude the possibility that repetitive ischemia may cause an increase in MBF, eight patients underwent the same protocol without quinaprilat (placebo patients). RESULTS: Rate pressure product in control and quinaprilat patients was comparable. In placebo patients, repetitive dobutamine stress did not change MBF to ischemic regions (1.41 +/- 0.17 during the first stress vs. 1.39 +/- 0.19 ml/min/g during the second stress, p = 0.93). In contrast, MBF in ischemic regions increased significantly after acute ACE inhibition with quinaprilat during repetitive dobutamine stress (1.10 +/- 0.13 vs. 1.69 +/- 0.17 ml/min/g, p < 0.015). Dobutamine coronary reserve in ischemic regions remained unchanged in placebo patients (1.07 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.10 +/- 0.16, p = 0.92), but increased significantly after quinaprilat (0.97 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.44 +/- 0.14, p < 0.002). Total coronary resistance decreased after ACE inhibition (123 +/- 19 vs. 71 +/- 10 mm Hg x min x g/ml, p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition by quinaprilat significantly improves MBF to ischemic regions in patients with coronary artery disease.