Sphingosine kinases, sphingosine 1-phosphate, apoptosis and diseases.
Biochim Biophys Acta
; 1758(12): 2016-26, 2006 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-16996023
ABSTRACT
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous components of cell membranes and their metabolites ceramide (Cer), sphingosine (Sph), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have important physiological functions, including regulation of cell growth and survival. Cer and Sph are associated with growth arrest and apoptosis. Many stress stimuli increase levels of Cer and Sph, whereas suppression of apoptosis is associated with increased intracellular levels of S1P. In addition, extracellular/secreted S1P regulates cellular processes by binding to five specific G protein coupled-receptors (GPCRs). S1P is generated by phosphorylation of Sph catalyzed by two isoforms of sphingosine kinases (SphK), type 1 and type 2, which are critical regulators of the "sphingolipid rheostat", producing pro-survival S1P and decreasing levels of pro-apoptotic Sph. Since sphingolipid metabolism is often dysregulated in many diseases, targeting SphKs is potentially clinically relevant. Here we review the growing recent literature on the regulation and the roles of SphKs and S1P in apoptosis and diseases.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Esfingosina
/
Lisofosfolipídeos
/
Doença
/
Apoptose
/
Fosfotransferases (Aceptor do Grupo Álcool)
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biochim Biophys Acta
Ano de publicação:
2006
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos