[Cognitive impairment and alcohol and cigarette consumption in Mexican adults older than 65 years]. / Alcohol, tabaco y deterioro cognoscitivo en adultos mexicanos mayores de 65 años.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of the consumption of alcohol and cigarette smoking and their association with cognitive impairment among older Mexican adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 4,872 people over 65 years of age included in the sample of the National Mexican Health and Aging Study carried out in 2001 were questioned about their consumption of alcohol and cigarette smoking. For the classification of those subjects with cognitive impairment, the total scale of the different cognitive domains was used. The chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistical regression were used in order to find associations. RESULTS: The prevalence of alcoholism according to CAGE was 2.8% and the prevalence of the consumption of cigarette smoking was 14%. Factors associated with the consumption of alcohol were:age 65-69 (p <0.001), men (RR 3.17, p <0.001), and high level of education (p <0.001). The association between the consumption of alcohol and cognitive impairment (chi2=6.59, p <0.01) was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of consumption of alcohol and cigarette smoking in older Mexican adults are similar to that reported in other countries; the consumption of alcohol and its association with cognitive impairment was significant.