HHV-8-related visceral Kaposi's sarcoma following allogeneic HSCT: report of a pediatric case and literature review.

ABSTRACT

An HHV-8-related visceral KS was diagnosed in a 10-yr-old boy after partially matched allogeneic HSCT. This complication occurred 463 days after HSCT and involved tonsils, lymph nodes, hard palate, lung, skin, and paranasal sinuses. Treatment with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin induced long-term remission (33 months) of this disease. HHV-8 infection is quite frequent after HSCT, but KS, and especially its visceral form, is a very rare complication, and its association with HHV-8 has been documented even less frequently. However, our observation suggests that HHV-8-related KS should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of late post-HSCT complications.