Environmental and non-infectious factors in the aetiology of pharyngitis (sore throat).
Inflamm Res
; 61(10): 1041-52, 2012 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-22890476
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this review is to examine the causes, pathophysiology and experimental models of non-infectious pharyngitis (sore throat).INTRODUCTION:
The causes of sore throat can be infectious (viruses, bacteria, and fungi) or non-infectious, although the relative proportion of each is not well documented.METHODS:
A PubMed database search was performed for studies of non-infectious sore throat. RESULTS ANDCONCLUSIONS:
Non-infectious causes of sore throat include physico-chemical factors, such as smoking, snoring, shouting, tracheal intubation, medications, or concomitant illness; and environmental factors including indoor and outdoor air pollutants, temperature and humidity, and hazardous or occupational irritants. The pathophysiology underlying non-infectious sore throat is largely uncharacterised, although neurogenic inflammation looks to be a promising candidate. It is likely that there will be individual disposition factors or the coincidence of more than one irritant with possible--up to now unknown--interactions between them. Therefore, experimental models with defined conditions and objective endpoints are needed. A new model using cold dry air to directly induce pharyngeal irritation in humans, with pharyngeal lavage to measure biomarkers, may provide a useful tool for the study of mechanisms and treatment of non-infectious sore throat.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Faringite
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Inflamm Res
Assunto da revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
/
PATOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2012
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha