Metabolite-Sensing G Protein-Coupled Receptors-Facilitators of Diet-Related Immune Regulation.
Annu Rev Immunol
; 35: 371-402, 2017 04 26.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28446062
ABSTRACT
Nutrition and the gut microbiome regulate many systems, including the immune, metabolic, and nervous systems. We propose that the host responds to deficiency (or sufficiency) of dietary and bacterial metabolites in a dynamic way, to optimize responses and survival. A family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) termed the metabolite-sensing GPCRs bind to various metabolites and transmit signals that are important for proper immune and metabolic functions. Members of this family include GPR43, GPR41, GPR109A, GPR120, GPR40, GPR84, GPR35, and GPR91. In addition, bile acid receptors such as GPR131 (TGR5) and proton-sensing receptors such as GPR65 show similar features. A consistent feature of this family of GPCRs is that they provide anti-inflammatory signals; many also regulate metabolism and gut homeostasis. These receptors represent one of the main mechanisms whereby the gut microbiome affects vertebrate physiology, and they also provide a link between the immune and metabolic systems. Insufficient signaling through one or more of these metabolite-sensing GPCRs likely contributes to human diseases such as asthma, food allergies, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular disease, and inflammatory bowel diseases.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Cardiovasculares
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Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais
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Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1
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Microbioma Gastrointestinal
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Hipersensibilidade
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Mucosa Intestinal
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Annu Rev Immunol
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article