Metabolism of Piperaquine to Its Antiplasmodial Metabolites and Their Pharmacokinetic Profiles in Healthy Volunteers.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
; 62(8)2018 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29784841
ABSTRACT
As a partner antimalarial for artemisinin drug-based combination therapy (ACT), piperaquine (PQ) can be metabolized into two major metabolites, including piperaquine N-oxide (M1) and piperaquine N,N-dioxide (M2). To better understand the antimalarial potency of PQ, the antimalarial activity of the PQ metabolites (M1 and M2) was studied in vitro (in Plasmodium falciparum strains Pf3D7 and PfDd2) and in vivo (in the murine species Plasmodium yoelii) in this study. The recrudescence and survival time of infected mice were also recorded after drug treatment. The pharmacokinetic profiles of PQ and its two metabolites (M1 and M2) were investigated in healthy subjects after oral doses of two widely used ACT regimens, i.e., dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine phosphate (Duo-Cotecxin) and artemisinin plus piperaquine (Artequick). Remarkable antiplasmodial activity was found for PQ (50% growth-inhibitory concentration [IC50], 4.5 nM against Pf3D7 and 6.9 nM against PfDd2; 90% effective dose [ED90], 1.3 mg/kg of body weight), M1 (IC50, 25.5 nM against Pf3D7 and 38.7 nM against PfDd2; ED90, 1.3 mg/kg), and M2 (IC50, 31.2 nM against Pf3D7 and 33.8 nM against PfDd2; ED90, 2.9 mg/kg). Compared with PQ, M1 showed comparable efficacy in terms of recrudescence and survival time and M2 had relatively weaker antimalarial potency. PQ and its two metabolites displayed a long elimination half-life (â¼11 days for PQ, â¼9 days for M1, and â¼4 days for M2), and they accumulated after repeated administrations. The contribution of the two PQ metabolites to the efficacy of piperaquine as a partner drug of ACT for the treatment of malaria should be considered for PQ dose optimization.
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Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Plasmodium falciparum
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Quinolinas
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Plasmodium yoelii
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Malária
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Antimaláricos
Limite:
Adult
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Animals
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
China