Boosting High-Rate Sodium Storage Performance of N-Doped Carbon-Encapsulated Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 Nanoparticles Anchoring on Carbon Cloth.

ABSTRACT

The further development of high-power sodium-ion batteries faces the severe challenge of achieving high-rate cathode materials. Here, an integrated flexible electrode is constructed by smart combination of a conductive carbon cloth fiber skeleton and N-doped carbon (NC) shell on Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 (NVP) nanoparticles via a simple impregnation method. In addition to the great electronic conductivity and high flexibility of carbon cloth, the NC shell also promotes ion/electron transport in the electrode. The flexible NVP@NC electrode renders preeminent rate capacities (80.7 mAh g-1 at 50 C for cathode; 48 mAh g-1 at 30 C for anode) and superior cycle performance. A flexible symmetric NVP@NC//NVP@NC full cell is endowed with fairly excellent rate performance as well as good cycle stability. The results demonstrate a powerful polybasic strategy design for fabricating electrodes with optimal performance.