Role of Bioactive Sphingolipids in Inflammation and Eye Diseases.
Adv Exp Med Biol
; 1161: 149-167, 2019.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31562629
ABSTRACT
Inflammation is a common underlying factor in a diversity of ocular diseases, ranging from macular degeneration, autoimmune uveitis, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and microbial infection. In addition to the variety of known cellular mediators of inflammation, such as cytokines, chemokines and lipid mediators, there is now considerable evidence that sphingolipid metabolites also play a central role in the regulation of inflammatory pathways. Various sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide (Cer), ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and lactosylceramide (LacCer) can contribute to ocular inflammatory diseases through multiple pathways. For example, inflammation generates Cer from sphingomyelins (SM) in the plasma membrane, which induces death receptor ligand formation and leads to apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and photoreceptor cells. Inflammatory stress by reactive oxygen species leads to LacCer accumulation and S1P secretion and induces proliferation of retinal endothelial cells and eventual formation of new vessels. In sphingolipid/lysosomal storage disorders, sphingolipid metabolites accumulate in lysosomes and can cause ocular disorders that have an inflammatory etiology. Sphingolipid metabolites activate complement factors in the immune-response mediated pathogenesis of macular degeneration. These examples highlight the integral association between sphingolipids and inflammation in ocular diseases.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Esfingolipídeos
/
Oftalmopatias
/
Inflamação
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Adv Exp Med Biol
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos