Irradiation of early immature Anastrepha ludens stages for the rearing of Doryctobracon areolatus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a fruit fly parasitoid.

ABSTRACT

Doryctobracon areolatus is a native parasitoid of the Neotropical region that presents the highest percentages of natural parasitism of fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha. In the Moscafrut Program SADER-SENASICA, located in Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, Mexico, a laboratory colony of this species is maintained on Anastrepha ludens, the Mexican fruit fly, with the aim to scale the production of the parasitoid up to massive levels. In order to eliminate unwanted emergence of adult flies during the rearing process, this study evaluated the effect of irradiation (at doses of 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy) applied to eggs, and first and second instar larvae of A. ludens; all irradiated stages were subsequently exposed as second instar larvae to adult females of D. areolatus. Irradiation did not affect the eclosion of A. ludens eggs but, at doses of 40 and 50 Gy, it did cause delayed larval development and pupation, as well as lower larval weight. Adult fly emergence was suppressed at all doses, except in eggs irradiated at 20 Gy. Doses of 20 and 30 Gy applied to the eggs and larvae did not affect the emergence, survival, fecundity or flight ability of the emerged parasitoids, but the second instar larvae were easily handled during the rearing process. Our results suggest that D. areolatus can be successfully produced in second instar larvae of A. ludens irradiated at 30 Gy.