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Population genomics of louping ill virus provide new insights into the evolution of tick-borne flaviviruses.
Clark, Jordan J; Gilray, Janice; Orton, Richard J; Baird, Margaret; Wilkie, Gavin; Filipe, Ana da Silva; Johnson, Nicholas; McInnes, Colin J; Kohl, Alain; Biek, Roman.
Afiliação
  • Clark JJ; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
  • Gilray J; Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
  • Orton RJ; Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
  • Baird M; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
  • Wilkie G; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
  • Filipe ADS; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
  • Johnson N; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
  • McInnes CJ; Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, United Kingdom.
  • Kohl A; Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom.
  • Biek R; Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 14(9): e0008133, 2020 09.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32925939
ABSTRACT
The emergence and spread of tick-borne arboviruses pose an increased challenge to human and animal health. In Europe this is demonstrated by the increasingly wide distribution of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV, Flavivirus, Flaviviridae), which has recently been found in the United Kingdom (UK). However, much less is known about other tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFV), such as the closely related louping ill virus (LIV), an animal pathogen which is endemic to the UK and Ireland, but which has been detected in other parts of Europe including Scandinavia and Russia. The emergence and potential spatial overlap of these viruses necessitates improved understanding of LIV genomic diversity, geographic spread and evolutionary history. We sequenced a virus archive composed of 22 LIV isolates which had been sampled throughout the UK over a period of over 80 years. Combining this dataset with published virus sequences, we detected no sign of recombination and found low diversity and limited evidence for positive selection in the LIV genome. Phylogenetic analysis provided evidence of geographic clustering as well as long-distance movement, including movement events that appear recent. However, despite genomic data and an 80-year time span, we found that the data contained insufficient temporal signal to reliably estimate a molecular clock rate for LIV. Additional analyses revealed that this also applied to TBEV, albeit to a lesser extent, pointing to a general problem with phylogenetic dating for TBFV. The 22 LIV genomes generated during this study provide a more reliable LIV phylogeny, improving our knowledge of the evolution of tick-borne flaviviruses. Our inability to estimate a molecular clock rate for both LIV and TBEV suggests that temporal calibration of tick-borne flavivirus evolution should be interpreted with caution and highlight a unique aspect of these viruses which may be explained by their reliance on tick vectors.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Genoma Viral / Evolução Molecular / Vírus da Encefalite Transmitidos por Carrapatos Limite: Animals País/Região como assunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Assunto da revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Reino Unido

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Genoma Viral / Evolução Molecular / Vírus da Encefalite Transmitidos por Carrapatos Limite: Animals País/Região como assunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Assunto da revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Reino Unido