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Early-life stress is associated with a preponderance of habitual responding in a novel instrumental avoidance learning paradigm.
Gordon, Alexander L; Patterson, Tara K; Knowlton, Barbara J.
Afiliação
  • Gordon AL; University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, United States.
  • Patterson TK; University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, United States.
  • Knowlton BJ; University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, United States. Electronic address: knowlton@psych.ucla.edu.
Neurobiol Learn Mem ; 175: 107316, 2020 11.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33011387
There is substantial evidence linking early-life stress (ELS) to negative health outcomes in adulthood, including addiction. However, the neurocognitive and behavioral mechanisms through which ELS increases these risks remain unclear. To address this gap in knowledge, we developed a novel instrumental learning paradigm to explore the effects of ELS on the balance of habitual versus goal-directed learning. Habits efficiently reproduce repetitive behaviors but are inflexible whenreward contingencies related to those behaviors change. Persisting in performing a response after its outcome has been devalued is the hallmark of habitual behavior in instrumental learning. Participants with a history of higher ELS were significantly more likely to make habitual responses in this instrumental avoidance learning paradigm than individuals with a history of lower ELS. Logistic regression analysis showed that ELS is significantly related to habitual responding over and above the effects of retrospective socioeconomic status, trait and state anxiety, depression and recent levels of stress. Analysis of the differential impacts of the type of ELS suggested that these effects are largely driven by experiences of physical neglect.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Aprendizagem da Esquiva / Condicionamento Operante / Experiências Adversas da Infância / Hábitos Tipo de estudo: Risk_factors_studies Limite: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Revista: Neurobiol Learn Mem Assunto da revista: BIOLOGIA / CIENCIAS DO COMPORTAMENTO / NEUROLOGIA Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Aprendizagem da Esquiva / Condicionamento Operante / Experiências Adversas da Infância / Hábitos Tipo de estudo: Risk_factors_studies Limite: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Revista: Neurobiol Learn Mem Assunto da revista: BIOLOGIA / CIENCIAS DO COMPORTAMENTO / NEUROLOGIA Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos