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Exposure to aflatoxins and fumonisins and linear growth of children in rural Ethiopia: a longitudinal study.
Tessema, Masresha; De Groote, Hugo; Brouwer, Inge D; De Boevre, Marthe; Corominas, Arnau Vidal; Stoecker, Barbara J; Feskens, Edith Jm; Belachew, Tefera; Karakitsou, Anastasia; Gunaratna, Nilupa S.
Afiliação
  • Tessema M; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • De Groote H; Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Brouwer ID; Human Nutrition Unit, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
  • De Boevre M; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Corominas AV; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • Stoecker BJ; Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
  • Feskens EJ; Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
  • Belachew T; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
  • Karakitsou A; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • Gunaratna NS; Human Nutrition Unit, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Public Health Nutr ; 24(12): 3662-3673, 2021 08.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33517942
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

We hypothesise that exposure to aflatoxins and fumonisins, measured in serum, alters protein synthesis, reducing serum protein and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), increasing inflammation and infection, leading to child's linear growth failure.

DESIGN:

Children 6-35 months, stratified by baseline stunting, were subsampled from an intervention trial on quality protein maize consumption and evaluated at two time-points.

SETTING:

Blood samples and anthropometric data were collected in the pre-harvest (August-September 2015) and post-harvest (February 2016) seasons in rural Ethiopia.

PARTICIPANTS:

102 children (50 stunted and 52 non-stunted).

RESULTS:

Proportions of children exposed to aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2 and aflatoxin M1 were higher in the pre-harvest (8, 33 and 7, respectively) compared to post-harvest season (4, 28 and 4, respectively). The proportion of children exposed to any aflatoxin was higher in the pre-harvest than post-harvest season (51 % v. 41 %). Fumonisin exposure ranged from 0 % to 11 %. In joint statistical tests, aflatoxin exposure was associated with serum biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, α-1-glycoprotein) and protein status (transthyretin, lysine, tryptophan), IGF-1 and linear growth (all P < 0·01). However, exposure to specific aflatoxins was not significantly associated with any biomarkers or outcomes (all P > 0·05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Aflatoxin exposure among rural Ethiopian children was high, with large variation between seasons and individual aflatoxins. Fumonisin exposure was low. There was no clear association between aflatoxin exposure and protein status, inflammation or linear growth. A larger study may be needed to examine the potential biological interactions, and the assessment of aflatoxins in food is needed to determine sources of high exposure.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Aflatoxinas / Fumonisinas Tipo de estudo: Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limite: Child / Humans País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Public Health Nutr Assunto da revista: CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO / SAUDE PUBLICA Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Holanda

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Aflatoxinas / Fumonisinas Tipo de estudo: Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limite: Child / Humans País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Public Health Nutr Assunto da revista: CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO / SAUDE PUBLICA Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Holanda