African lungfish genome sheds light on the vertebrate water-to-land transition.
Cell
; 184(5): 1362-1376.e18, 2021 03 04.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33545087
ABSTRACT
Lungfishes are the closest extant relatives of tetrapods and preserve ancestral traits linked with the water-to-land transition. However, their huge genome sizes have hindered understanding of this key transition in evolution. Here, we report a 40-Gb chromosome-level assembly of the African lungfish (Protopterus annectens) genome, which is the largest genome assembly ever reported and has a contig and chromosome N50 of 1.60 Mb and 2.81 Gb, respectively. The large size of the lungfish genome is due mainly to retrotransposons. Genes with ultra-long length show similar expression levels to other genes, indicating that lungfishes have evolved high transcription efficacy to keep gene expression balanced. Together with transcriptome and experimental data, we identified potential genes and regulatory elements related to such terrestrial adaptation traits as pulmonary surfactant, anxiolytic ability, pentadactyl limbs, and pharyngeal remodeling. Our results provide insights and key resources for understanding the evolutionary pathway leading from fishes to humans.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Adaptação Biológica
/
Evolução Biológica
/
Peixes
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Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cell
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
China