Assessing and stabilizing atypical plasticity in autism spectrum disorder using rTMS: Results from a proof-of-principle study.
Clin Neurophysiol
; 141: 109-118, 2022 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34011467
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Emerging evidence implicates atypical plasticity in the neurophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Specifically, autistic people demonstrated hyperplasticity in response to theta-burst stimulation (TBS). We hypothesized that autistic adults would display hyperplasticity to TBS and that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) - which potentiates brain inhibitory mechanisms - would 'stabilize' hyperplasticity.METHODS:
Using a randomized, cross-over design, plasticity was assessed using TBS in the left motor cortex (M1) in 31 autistic adults and 30 sex-, intelligence quotient-, and age-matched controls. Autistic adults (nâ¯=â¯29) were further randomized (11) to receive a single session of active (nâ¯=â¯14) or sham (nâ¯=â¯15) rTMS (6000 pulses at 20â¯Hz) over left M1 and plasticity was reassessed on the next day following rTMS.RESULTS:
Both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) were significantly increased in the ASD group, indicating hyperplasticity. Active, but not sham rTMS, attenuated LTD in autistic adults.CONCLUSIONS:
We provided further evidence for the presence of brain hyperplasticity in ASD. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show preliminary evidence that an excessive LTD in ASD can be 'stabilized' using rTMS. Such 'stabilizing' effect of rTMS on LTP was not observed, likely due to small sample size or a more specific 'attenuating' effect of rTMS on LTD, compared to LTP.SIGNIFICANCE:
These findings indicate atypical brain inhibitory mechanisms behind hyperplasticity in ASD. Utilizing a larger sample, future replication studies could investigate therapeutic opportunities of 'mechanism-driven' rTMS.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtorno Autístico
/
Transtorno do Espectro Autista
/
Córtex Motor
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Diagnostic_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Neurophysiol
Assunto da revista:
NEUROLOGIA
/
PSICOFISIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article