Genes controlling skeletal muscle glucose uptake and their regulation by endurance and resistance exercise.
J Cell Biochem
; 123(2): 202-214, 2022 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34812516
ABSTRACT
Exercise improves the insulin sensitivity of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Due to that, exercise has become a cornerstone treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The mechanisms by which exercise improves skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity are, however, incompletely understood. We conducted a systematic review to identify all genes whose gain or loss of function alters skeletal muscle glucose uptake. We subsequently cross-referenced these genes with recently generated data sets on exercise-induced gene expression and signaling. Our search revealed 176 muscle glucose-uptake genes, meaning that their genetic manipulation altered glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Notably, exercise regulates the expression or phosphorylation of more than 50% of the glucose-uptake genes or their protein products. This included many genes that previously have not been associated with exercise-induced insulin sensitivity. Interestingly, endurance and resistance exercise triggered some common but mostly unique changes in expression and phosphorylation of glucose-uptake genes or their protein products. Collectively, our work provides a resource of potentially new molecular effectors that play a role in the incompletely understood regulation of muscle insulin sensitivity by exercise.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Resistência Física
/
Glicemia
/
Resistência à Insulina
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Músculo Esquelético
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
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Treinamento Resistido
Tipo de estudo:
Systematic_reviews
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Cell Biochem
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha