Contrast-Enhanced Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery in Neuroimaging: A Narrative Review on Clinical Applications and Technical Advances.
J Magn Reson Imaging
; 56(2): 341-353, 2022 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35170148
ABSTRACT
While contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) has long been regarded as an adjunct sequence to evaluate leptomeningeal disease in addition to contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging, it is gradually being used for more diverse pathologies beyond leptomeningeal disease. Contrast-enhanced FLAIR is known to be highly sensitive to low concentrations of gadolinium within the fluid. Accordingly, recent research has suggested the potential utility of contrast-enhanced FLAIR in various kinds of disease, such as Meniere's disease, seizure, stroke, traumatic brain injury, and brain metastasis, in addition to being used for visualizing glymphatic dysfunction. However, its potential applications have been reported sporadically in an unorganized manner. Furthermore, the exact mechanism for its superior sensitivity to low concentrations of gadolinium has not been fully understood. Rapidly developing magnetic resonance technology and unoptimized parameters for FLAIR may challenge its accurate application in clinical practice. This review provides the fundamental mechanism of contrast-enhanced FLAIR, systematically describes its current and potential clinical application, and elaborates on technical considerations for its optimization. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE 5.
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Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Meios de Contraste
/
Neoplasias Meníngeas
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Magn Reson Imaging
Assunto da revista:
DIAGNOSTICO POR IMAGEM
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Coréia do Sul