Ewingella americana: An Emerging Multifaceted Pathogen of Edible Mushrooms.
Phytopathology
; 113(2): 150-159, 2023 Feb.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36131391
ABSTRACT
Mycopathogenic bacteria play a pivotal role in the productivity of edible mushrooms grown under controlled conditions. In this study, we carried out a comprehensive farm survey and sampling (2018 to 2021) on button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) farms in 15 provinces in Iran to monitor the status of bacterial pathogens infecting the crop. Mycopathogenic bacterial strains were isolated from pins, stems, and caps, as well as the casing layer on 38 mushroom farms. The bacterial strains incited symptoms on mushroom caps ranging from faint discoloration to dark brown and blotch of the inoculated surfaces. Among the bacterial strains inciting disease symptoms on bottom mushroom, 40 were identified as Ewingella americana based on biochemical assays and phylogeny of 16S rRNA and the gyrB gene. E. americana strains differed in their aggressiveness on mushroom caps and stipes, where the corresponding symptoms ranged from deep yellow to dark brown. In the phylogenetic analyses, all E. americana strains isolated in this study were clustered in a monophyletic clade closely related to the nonpathogenic and environmental strains of the species. BOX-PCR-based fingerprinting revealed intraspecific diversity. Using the cutoff level of 73 to 76% similarity, the strains formed six clusters. A chronological pattern was observed, where the strains isolated in 2018 were differentiated from those isolated in 2020 and 2021. Taken together, due to the multifaceted nature of the pathogen, such a widespread occurrence of E. americana on mushroom farms in Iran could be an emerging threat for the mushroom industry in the country.
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Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças das Plantas
/
Enterobacteriaceae
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Phytopathology
Assunto da revista:
BOTANICA
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Irã