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Genomic and transcriptomic analyses support a silk gland origin of spider venom glands.
Zhu, Bingyue; Jin, Pengyu; Zhang, Yiming; Shen, Yunxiao; Wang, Wei; Li, Shuqiang.
Afiliação
  • Zhu B; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
  • Jin P; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
  • Zhang Y; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
  • Shen Y; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
  • Wang W; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
  • Li S; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
BMC Biol ; 21(1): 82, 2023 04 13.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37055766
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Spiders comprise a hyperdiverse lineage of predators with venom systems, yet the origin of functionally novel spider venom glands remains unclear. Previous studies have hypothesized that spider venom glands originated from salivary glands or evolved from silk-producing glands present in early chelicerates. However, there is insufficient molecular evidence to indicate similarity among them. Here, we provide comparative analyses of genome and transcriptome data from various lineages of spiders and other arthropods to advance our understanding of spider venom gland evolution.

RESULTS:

We generated a chromosome-level genome assembly of a model spider species, the common house spider (Parasteatoda tepidariorum). Module preservation, GO semantic similarity, and differentially upregulated gene similarity analyses demonstrated a lower similarity in gene expressions between the venom glands and salivary glands compared to the silk glands, which questions the validity of the salivary gland origin hypothesis but unexpectedly prefers to support the ancestral silk gland origin hypothesis. The conserved core network in the venom and silk glands was mainly correlated with transcription regulation, protein modification, transport, and signal transduction pathways. At the genetic level, we found that many genes in the venom gland-specific transcription modules show positive selection and upregulated expressions, suggesting that genetic variation plays an important role in the evolution of venom glands.

CONCLUSIONS:

This research implies the unique origin and evolutionary path of spider venom glands and provides a basis for understanding the diverse molecular characteristics of venom systems.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Artrópodes / Venenos de Aranha Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies Limite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: BMC Biol Assunto da revista: BIOLOGIA Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: China

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Artrópodes / Venenos de Aranha Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies Limite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: BMC Biol Assunto da revista: BIOLOGIA Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: China