Comorbidities in Angioedema Due to C1-Inhibitor Deficiency: An Italian Survey.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
; 12(4): 1029-1036, 2024 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38182098
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency is characterized by unpredictable recurrent episodes of swelling affecting the skin and the mucosa tissues, including gastrointestinal tract and/or oropharyngeal-laryngeal mucosae. Long-term prophylaxis (LTP) is used to prevent attacks.OBJECTIVE:
Because C1-INH plays a pivotal role in several biological pathways, we investigated the possible association of comorbidities with C1-INH deficiency and the use of LTP with attenuated androgens (AA) or tranexamic acid (TXA).METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study involved adult patients with HAE referred to Milan and Padua angioedema centers in the period 1979-2021. A qualitative comparison was performed to analyze comorbidities versus general population. The incidence of comorbidities was evaluated during LTP with AA or TXA versus patients without LTP.RESULTS:
A total of 446 patients were studied. A greater prevalence among patients was found for heart diseases (9.6% vs 4.8%), acute myocardial infarction (5.6% vs 1.4%), hepatitis C virus infection (10.5% vs 2.5%), and appendectomy (15.9% vs 4.3%). In patients taking AA, a greater incidence was found for hypertension (22.8% vs 10.8%; odds ratio [OR] 2.02), hypercholesterolemia (19.5% vs 5.3%; OR 3.97), diabetes mellitus (5% vs 1.4%; OR 3.21), hepatic angioma (4.4% vs 0.7%; OR 8.35), and focal nodular hyperplasia (2.5% vs 0.4%; OR 6.9). No association between TXA and comorbidities was found.CONCLUSION:
In this large patient population with a rare disease followed for up to a 43-year period, we found a greater prevalence of comorbidities hitherto unreported in the literature and an association between comorbidities and LTP with AA.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Proteína Inibidora do Complemento C1
/
Angioedemas Hereditários
/
Angioedema
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Qualitative_research
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article