Composition, Release, and Transformation of Earthworm Tissue-Bound Residues of Tetrabromobisphenol A in Soil.
Environ Sci Technol
; 58(4): 2069-2077, 2024 Jan 30.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38237036
ABSTRACT
Earthworms accumulate organic pollutants to form earthworm tissue-bound residues (EBRs); however, the composition and fate of EBRs in soil remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the fate of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)-derived EBRs in soil for 250 days using a 14C-radioactive isotope tracer and the geophagous earthworm Metaphire guillelmi. The EBRs of TBBPA in soil were rapidly transformed into nonextractable residues (NERs), mainly in the form of sequestered and ester-linked residues. After 250 days of incubation, 4.9% of the initially applied EBRs were mineralized and 69.3% were released to extractable residues containing TBBPA and its transformation products (TPs, generated mainly via debromination, O-methylation, and skeletal cleavage). Soil microbial activity and autolytic enzymes of earthworms jointly contributed to the release process. In their full-life period, the earthworms overall retained 24.1% TBBPA and its TPs in soil and thus prolonged the persistence of these pollutants. Our study explored, for the first time, the composition and fate of organic pollutant-derived EBRs in soil and indicated that the decomposition of earthworms may release pollutants and cause potential environmental risks of concern, which should be included in both environmental risk assessment and soil remediation using earthworms.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Oligoquetos
/
Poluentes do Solo
/
Bifenil Polibromatos
/
Poluentes Ambientais
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Environ Sci Technol
/
Environ. sci. technol
/
Environmental science & technology
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
China