Linalool-zinc oxide nanocomposite controls Toxoplasma gondii infection through inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and pathogenicity.
J Basic Microbiol
; 64(8): e2400039, 2024 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38690754
ABSTRACT
The present in vitro and in vivo study aimed to fabricate and characterize linalool-zinc oxide nanoparticles (Lin-ZNP) and evaluate their effectiveness against Toxoplasma gondii infection in terms of inflammation, oxidative stress, and pathogenicity. Lin-ZNP was synthesized using an ethanolic solution of polyvinyl alcohol. The anti-Toxoplasma and cytotoxicity activities of Lin-ZNP were investigated, along with its effects on nitric oxide (NO) production, caspase-3 activity, and pro-inflammatory genes. After treating T. gondii-infected mice with Lin-ZNP for 14 days, the number and size of tissue cysts, antioxidant potential, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and T. gondii pathogenicity-related genes were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The Lin-ZNP composite showed a reduced tendency with an average size of 105 nm. Lin-ZNP significantly reduced the viability of tachyzoites. The obtained selectivity index higher than 10, indicating high specificity for parasites with low cytotoxicity to normal cells. The Lin-ZNP significantly (p < 0.05) increased the production of NO, caspase-3 activity, and the expression levels of pro-inflammatory genes. Lin-ZNP significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the size and number of tissue cysts and caused a significant reduction in the level of malondialdehyde and a considerable increase (p < 0.001) in antioxidant enzymes and their expression genes. Lin-ZNP significantly downregulated both mRNA and protein expression of the inflammation-related markers associated with the TLRs/NF-κB pathway. The expression levels of the T. gondii pathogenicity-related genes were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05). The recent survey indicated that Lin-ZNP manages T. gondii infection by its antioxidant activity and inhibiting the TLRs/NF-κB pathway without toxicity in mice.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Toxoplasma
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Óxido de Zinco
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Estresse Oxidativo
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Nanocompostos
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Monoterpenos Acíclicos
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Inflamação
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Óxido Nítrico
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Basic Microbiol
Assunto da revista:
MICROBIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Arábia Saudita