Advancements in immunotherapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a comprehensive review of current strategies and future directions.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol
; 20(8): 971-984, 2024 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38884604
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Esophageal cancer (EC), particularly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), is characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis worldwide, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches like immunotherapy. This review explores the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on ESCC, especially focusing on PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors. Our literature search, conducted across databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, from January 2010 to December 2023, aimed at identifying advancements, challenges, and future directions in the use of immunotherapy for ESCC. AREAS COVERED We provide a detailed analysis of clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of ICIs as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy for locally advanced ESCC. Our findings highlight the significant survival benefits offered by ICIs, albeit with varying efficacy across patient populations, emphasizing the need for precise biomarkers to tailor treatment strategies. EXPERT OPINION The integration of immunotherapy into the ESCC treatment paradigm represents a significant shift, improving survival outcomes. Future research should focus on optimizing combination therapies and novel immunotherapeutic agents, incorporating genetic and tumor microenvironment analyses to enhance patient selection and treatment efficacy.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Neoplasias Esofágicas
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago
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Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico
/
Imunoterapia
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Expert Rev Clin Immunol
Assunto da revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article