Hypertension among persons with type 2 diabetes and its related demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors in the Fasa cohort study.

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is a very common comorbidity in type 2 diabetes patients, which leads to important health and treatment challenges. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors in type 2 diabetes patients. This study was conducted using cross-sectional data from 1245 participants aged between 35 and 70 years and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at baseline in the Fasa cohort study. The prevalence hypertension was determined and multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between various risk factors and hypertension prevalence. The average age of the participants was 53.5 ± 8.7 years and 71.7% (n = 893) were female and 28.3% (n = 352) were male. The prevalence of hypertension in people with type 2 diabetes was 45.5% (n = 566). Higher age (AOR, 95% CI 8.1, 4.6-14.3), female gender (OR, 95% CI 1.8, 1.2-2.5), Fars (AOR, 95% CI 1.6, 1.1-2.4) and Turk (AOR, 95% CI 1.6, 1.1-2.5) vs. other ethnicity, and overweight (AOR, 95% CI 1.8, 1.38-2.38) and obesity (AOR, 95% CI 2.7, 2.0-3.8) vs. BMI < 25 was associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension, while higher physical activity (AOR, 95% CI 0.57, 0.42-0.78) was associated with lower prevalence of hypertension in the multivariable model. The prevalence of hypertension in persons with type 2 diabetes was high and increased with greater age, in some ethnic groups, and with higher BMI and low physical activity. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate these associations in this population.