The influence of partial food deprivation on the quantity and source of triiodothyronine in several tissues of athyreotic thyroxine-maintained rats.

ABSTRACT

In the present study the influence of partial food deprivation (PFD) on the quantity and source of T3 [i.e. T3 derived from local T4 to T3 conversion (Lc T3 (T4] vs. plasma-derived T3] in several rat tissues was investigated. Two groups of athyroid rats on a synthetic diet received a continuous iv infusion consisting of T4 (1.0 microgram/100 g BW X day), [125I]T4, and [131I]T3 over a prolonged period. For one group of rats the daily food intake was restricted by one third to maintain constant BW during the infusion period. At isotopic equilibrium the mean plasma T3, T4, and TSH levels for control-fed rats were 38 ng/dl, 5.1 micrograms/dl, and 470 ng/ml, respectively. The values for rats on PFD were T3 22 ng/dl, T4 4.8 micrograms/dl, TSH less than 70 ng/ml. The [125I]T3 and [131I]T3 contents of whole homogenates from liver, kidney, thigh muscle, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and anterior pituitary gland as well as the subcellular fractions from liver, kidney (nuclei, mitochondria, microsomes, and cytosol), and anterior pituitary gland (nuclei) were determined (after extraction in ethanol) by thin layer chromatography. The contribution of Lc T3(T4) and the total T3 levels in these tissue preparations could then be calculated. In the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and anterior pituitary gland of PFD rats plasma-derived T3 as well as Lc T3(T4) was decreased. The total T3 level in the liver did not change under PFD, owing to an increase in Lc T3(T4). It is possible that the release of hepatic Lc T3(T4) into the blood stream was reduced. In neither group was there appreciable Lc T3(T4) in muscle. In contrast to the other tissues investigated, the [131I]T3 tissue-plasma ratio for muscle had increased under PFD, suggesting a higher uptake of T3. As a consequence, the T3 levels in the muscles of PFD rats did not differ from those in normally fed animals. For both groups of rats the contribution of Lc T3(T4) in hepatic nuclei was far lower than that found for the other hepatic cellular fractions. This would suggest that the hepatic nucleus preferentially takes up plasma-derived T3. In both control-fed and PFD rats the bulk of renal T3 appeared to be exchangeable with plasma T3. Hence the T3 levels in renal nuclei were reduced under PFD. The nuclear T3 levels in the anterior pituitaries from PFD rats were markedly decreased. Therefore it is likely that other factors determine TSH secretion under PFD.