RESUMEN
In the majority of patients with chest pain, an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can be ruled out. However, early recognition of an ACS is required in order to start treatment as soon as possible and reduce risks associated with myocardial ischaemia. Because of the lack of pre-hospital protocols to rule out an ACS, patients with a suspected ACS are transported to the emergency department, where the HEART score can be used to estimate the risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Patients with a low HEART score have a low risk of MACE. A point-of-care (POC) troponin measurement enables ambulance paramedics to calculate the HEART score in the pre-hospital setting. POC troponin measurement and HEART score assessment have several potential advantages, including early recognition of an ACS and identification of high-risk patients before hospital arrival. Moreover, pre-hospital rule-out of an ACS could prevent unnecessary emergency department visits. The safety and cost-effectiveness of referring low-risk patients with a normal POC troponin value to the general practitioner are currently being investigated in the ARTICA randomised trial. This point-of-view article demonstrates one of the potential advantages of early detection of an ACS.
RESUMEN
In the past year, a number of important papers have been published on non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome, highlighting progress in clinical care. The current review focuses on early diagnosis and risk stratification using biomarkers and advances in intracoronary imaging.
RESUMEN
Many species aggregate in dense colonies. Species-specific spatial patterns provide clues about how colonies are shaped by various (a)biotic factors, including predation, temperature regulation or disease transmission. Using aerial imagery, we examined these patterns in colonies on land of two sympatric seal species: the harbour seal and grey seal. Results show that the density of grey seals on land is twice as high as that of harbour seals. Furthermore, the nearest neighbour distance (NND) of harbour seals (median = 1.06 m) is significantly larger than that of grey seals (median = 0.53 m). Avoidance at small distances (i.e. social distancing) was supported by spatial simulation: when the observed seal locations were shuffled slightly, the frequency of the smallest NNDs (0-25 cm) increased, while the most frequently observed NNDs decreased. As harbour seals are more prone to infectious diseases, we hypothesize that the larger NNDs might be a behavioural response to reduce pathogen transmission. The approach presented here can potentially be used as a practical tool to differentiate between harbour and grey seals in remote sensing applications, particularly in low to medium resolution imagery (e.g. satellite imagery), where morphological characteristics alone are insufficient to differentiate between species.
RESUMEN
We study the temperature dependence of bottomonium for temperatures in the range 0.4T(c) < T < 2.1T(c), using nonrelativistic dynamics for the bottom quark and full relativistic lattice QCD simulations for Nf = 2 light flavors on a highly anisotropic lattice. We find that the Υ is insensitive to the temperature in this range, while the χb propagators show a crossover from the exponential decay characterizing the hadronic phase to a power-law behavior consistent with nearly free dynamics at T ≃ 2T(c).