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J Pharm Sci ; 94(5): 1024-38, 2005 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15793796

RESUMEN

Vinorelbine (VRL) is a particularly lipophilic member of the vinca alkaloids which, as a class of drugs, exhibit improved cytotoxicity and therapeutic activity through increased duration of exposure. Here, we describe and optimize a sphingomyelin/cholesterol (SM/Chol) liposome formulation of VRL to maximize in vivo drug retention, plasma circulation time, and therapeutic activity. VRL was efficiently encapsulated (>90%) into 100 nm liposomes using an ionophore-mediated loading method. VRL retention in SM/Chol liposomes after intravenous injection in mice was dependent on drug-to-lipid ratio (D/L), with higher D/L ratios exhibiting increased drug retention (0.3 > 0.2 > 0.1, wt/wt) and improved pharmacokinetics. Cryo-electron microscopic examination of a high D/L ratio formulation indicated that the intravesicular regions of these liposomes were electron dense compared with empty liposomes. The optimized, high D/L ratio SM/Chol VRL formulation showed promising activity against subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumors compared with VRL or SM/Chol formulations of vincristine or vinblastine. Finally, the stability of the formulation was excellent (<5% drug leakage, >99% intact VRL, no changes in liposome size after 1 year at 2-8 degrees C). The optimized drug retention properties of the SM/Chol formulation of VRL, combined with its promising antitumor activity and pharmaceutical stability, make this formulation an excellent candidate for future clinical development.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Colesterol/química , Esfingomielinas/química , Vinblastina/análogos & derivados , Vinblastina/química , Animales , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacocinética , Calcimicina/química , Química Farmacéutica , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Microscopía por Crioelectrón , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Excipientes , Femenino , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Ionóforos/química , Liposomas , Melanoma Experimental , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Tamaño de la Partícula , Vinblastina/administración & dosificación , Vinblastina/farmacocinética , Alcaloides de la Vinca/administración & dosificación , Alcaloides de la Vinca/química , Alcaloides de la Vinca/farmacocinética , Vinorelbina
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