RESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Esophageal varices are often seen in cirrhotic patients. Because endoscopic therapy for esophageal varices forces such patients to go on an extended fast until the endoscopic therapy occurs, physical and psychological stresses are induced. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of a nutritional supplement before endoscopic therapy on such stresses, and on the safety of therapy. METHODOLOGY: Thirty-six cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices were enrolled in this study and classified into two groups. In the fasting group, no energy was supplied to patients prior to endoscopic therapy (n=18). In the supplement group, a supplement of 200kcal was given prior to endoscopic therapy (n=18). The effects of the supplement on the safety of therapy and on stresses were evaluated by the endoscopist and by the self-rating questionnaire. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, gender, BMI, or Child-Pugh score between the two groups. There was no interference with endoscopic therapy in the supplement group. Although physical symptoms were not significantly different between the two groups, stress scores for hypodynamia, was significantly lower in the supplement group than in the fasting group. CONCLUSION: We first demonstrated that the supplementation before endoscopic therapy does not interfere with endoscopic treatment for esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. Supplementation improves fasting-related hypodynamia.
Asunto(s)
Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/terapia , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Apoyo Nutricional , Estrés Psicológico/prevención & control , Anciano , Aminoácidos de Cadena Ramificada/administración & dosificación , Endoscopía , Femenino , Humanos , Ligadura , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , EscleroterapiaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Continuous cardiac output measurement in STAT mode (STAT CCO) equipped with Vigilance displays cardiac output every 30 to 60 seconds. The aim of this study is to verify the hypothesis that each value with this system is computed only from the data collected in one update period. METHODS: The circuit was filled with normal saline and flowed by a roller pump in in vitro setting. The flow rate was set at either 2.5 l x min(-1) or 5.0 l x min(-1) and changed quickly to another state after each state had been maintained for 25 minutes. The change operation was repeated 10 times. The maximum difference was defined as the difference between the value at the start and the maximum change value. The response time was defined as the time from the start to the time to reach 80% of the maximum difference. In each operation, the response time of STAT CCO was calculated. RESULTS: The response time of STAT CCO was 9.7 +/- 1.3 min (mean +/- SD). CONCLUSIONS: The response time of STAT CCO was about 10 times longer than one update period. This result suggests that STAT CCO values are not computed only from the data collected in one update period.
Asunto(s)
Gasto Cardíaco/fisiología , Pruebas de Función Cardíaca/instrumentación , Modelos Cardiovasculares , Cateterismo/instrumentación , Modelos Teóricos , Arteria Pulmonar/fisiología , TiempoRESUMEN
The 474-bp long terminal repeat (LTR) of the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes retrotransposon was found to contain a different type of transcription termination-poly (A)-addition signal on each strand: TATGT- - -TATG- - -TCT, first reported in yeast genes, and an AATAA (or ACATAA)- - -GT(Py)-rich sequence, frequently found in mammalian genes.
Asunto(s)
Retroelementos/genética , Hongos Shiitake/genética , Regiones Terminadoras Genéticas/genética , Transcripción Genética/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Sistemas de Lectura Abierta/genética , Secuencias Repetidas TerminalesRESUMEN
The basidiomycete Lentinula edodes (Le.) cytochrome P450, Le.CYP1 was functionally expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The microsomal fraction containing Le.CYP1 was prepared from the recombinant yeast and the Le.CYP1 was analyzed. The 7-ethoxycoumarin and benzo(a)pyrene were found to be the substrates of Le.CYP1 enzyme. Le.CYP1 converted 7-ethoxycoumarin to 7-hydroxycoumarin.
Asunto(s)
Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/genética , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Hongos Shiitake/enzimología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Benzo(a)pireno/metabolismo , Catálisis , Cumarinas/metabolismo , ADN Complementario , Microsomas/metabolismo , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Ingeniería de Proteínas/métodos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Hongos Shiitake/genética , Especificidad por SustratoRESUMEN
Three cytochrome P450 genes, named Le. cyp1, Le. cyp2, and Le. cyp3, were isolated from the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes. Le. cyp1 and Le. cyp2 contained coding regions of 1500 bp and 1497 bp, respectively, but Le. cyp3 was found to be a defective gene. The deduced amino acid sequences of Le. CYP1 (CYP510A1, 500 amino acids) and Le. CYP2 (CYP510A3, 499 amino acids) were highly similar to each other (87% identical) and they had 32-33% identities to that of Coprinus cinereus P450 (CYP502) and 27-28% identities to those of two Aspergillus P450s (CYP64 family). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the transcripts of Le. cyp1 and Le. cyp2 genes in the course of fruiting-body development of L. edodes showed that the primordium seems to contain larger amounts of these transcripts. The transcript levels of both of these genes in the stipe of the premature fruiting body were higher than those in the whole pileus and gill tissue.