Social support networks of users of crack cocaine and the role of a Brazilian health program for people living on the street: A qualitative study.

This cross-sectional qualitative study analyzed characteristics of social support for users of crack cocaine and the role of "Consultório na Rua" (CR), or "Office in the Street," a Brazilian program for people living on the street. Data were collected using 1) ethnographic field observations during the delivery of services from this program, 2) in-depth interviews with 17 users of crack cocaine, and 3) a focus group with professionals from CR. To analyze data, we used content analysis and analytical categories based on Social Network Analysis (SNA) theoretical statements. Results showed that family, peers, community members, and professionals from CR were the main social support providers. Participants mentioned receiving material, informational, and emotional support from CR members. It was observed that CR had a welcoming and inclusive approach, but CR team members identified challenges related to stigma directed toward people who use substances and live on the street. CR assumed a central role in the health and social assistance of users of crack cocaine living on the street, providing an important link to healthcare and social services. However, initiatives related to motivation to receive mental health services, treatment, or social reintegration were not observed in conjunction with this program.

Violence, drugs, and psychiatric disorders: news from the Brazilian press.

The aim of this study is to describe the way that the Brazilian press reports on episodes of violence involving people with substance-related problems or psychiatric disorders. To develop this documentary study, we analyzed news reports from September 2009 to August 2015 in two major Brazilian newspaper who make their published articles available electronically in the Lexis Nexis Academic® database. The analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics and association tests. We identified 269 news stories related to these themes during the study period. The reported events occurred mainly in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, and 68% of the stories suggested a causal relationship between substance use or mental illness and violence. A marked minority (10%) of the stories made reference to prevention or treatment for the conditions studied. We concluded that the Brazilian press issues incomplete reports on episodes of violence involving people with substance-related problems or psychiatric disorders, emphasizing the relationships between these conditions and potential danger, particularly in cases involving drugs.

The use of benzodiazepines by women cared for at a Family Health Unit.

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of benzodiazepine use by adult women at a Family Health Unit and identify the risk factors associated with this usage. METHOD: Quantitative cross-sectional study that employed secondary data developed at a Family Health Unit in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. We collected the data from the following sources: medical charts, registration forms, and the archive of prescriptions from the pharmacy at the referred health unit. We employed the chi-squared, Student's t, and Mann-Whitney tests, as well as logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We identified 81 benzodiazepine users amongst 1,094 adult women (7.4%). Regarding the risk factors, the comparison between the groups of benzodiazepine users (n = 64) and non-users (n = 70) showed that having a chronic disease and using other psychotropic drugs were significantly associated with the use of benzodiazepines. CONCLUSION: The prevalence found was lower than the described in previous studies performed in Primary Health Units. The group that must receive greater attention regarding the consumption of benzodiazepines is that of middle-aged women or older, with low education levels, and chronic illnesses.

Evaluation of social support and stress in nursing students. / Avaliação do apoio social e estresse em estudantes de enfermagem.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the perception of stress and social support of nursing students considering the number of supporters and the satisfaction with them. METHOD: Quantitative, cross-sectional study performed with nursing students from a public university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. We used the Stress Evaluation in Nursing Students scale and the Social Support Questionnaire. We performed the chi-squared test and analyzed the structure of the support network using software Gephi version 0.9.1. RESULTS: 192 students participated. Family and friends were the most mentioned supporters. Despite counting on a low number of supporters, most participants were satisfied with the perceived support. The students presented high intensity of stress in the "professional training" domain. Furthermore, the students who were pleased with the perceived social support presented low intensity of stress in accomplishing the theoretical activities of the undergraduate course. CONCLUSION: The creation of more welcoming spaces in the academic environment, the qualification of the social support, and the employment of strategies to improve the transition from the student stage to the professional stage are important recommendations that will contribute for positive outcomes regarding the coping with student stress.

Brazilian Scale for Evaluation of Mental Health Care Needs: Additional Evidence.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate validity evidence of the Brazilian Scale for Evaluation of Mental Health Care Needs (CuidaSM). METHODS: This is a psychometric study, which seeks additional evidence of internal structure. Data collection was carried out in 11 Primary Health Care (PHC) services , which implement the Health Care Planning (HCP) methodology, distributed across the five Brazilian regions. The preliminary version of CuidaSM, containing a block self-referred by the user and another block evaluated by PHC professionals, was applied to users aged 18 or over who attended the PHC services for consultation with a higher education professional. The techniques of confirmatory factor analysis and network analysis were used to investigate validity evidence. For the primary data of the confirmatory factor analysis, the factorial loads and the item's predictive power (R2) were used. Six model adjustment indices were adopted and reliability was measured by three indicators using Bayesian estimation. RESULTS: A total of 879 users participated in the study. By confirmatory factor analysis, factorial loads ranged from 0.43 to 0.99 and R2 from 0.19 to 0.98. Both the primary indicators and the model adequacy indices were established at satisfactory and consistent levels. The network analysis showed that the items were appropriately associated with their peers, respecting the established dimensions, which again indicates the sustainability and stability of the proposed model. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings confirm a consistent and reliable model of the instrument, through a combination of techniques. Considering the importance of using solid instruments in clinical practice, CuidaSM is a promising tool for population-based management and network care organization, aligned with HCP proposals.

The knowledge of primary health care professionals regarding mental health: diagnosis by mhGAP.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze knowledge about priority topics in mental health care of strategic actors who work in regions where the Health Care Planning (PAS) methodology is used. METHODS: This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and observational study carried out with professionals from six health regions, distributed in three Brazilian states (Goiás, Rondônia and Maranhão) and linked to the project "Saúde mental na APS" (Mental health in PHC) of the Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Único de Saúde (Proadi-SUS - Institutional Development Support Program of the Brazilian Unified Health System). The sample was made up of professionals who participated in the intervention guide multiplier training stage for mental, neurological and alcohol and other drug use disorders in the primary health care network, from July to September 2022. Data collection was through a self-administered instrument, in electronic format, consisting of a block with socioeconomic items and a structured questionnaire to assess participants' knowledge about priority topics in mental health. Descriptive analyses and comparison of proportions were conducted to analyze the data. RESULTS: A total of 354 health professionals participated in the study. Regarding the percentage of correct answers in the questionnaire on priority topics in mental health, the highest medians were identified in the "Depression" module. On the other hand, the content referring to the modules "Essential care and practices" and "Other important complaints" presented the lowest values. Furthermore, some participant characteristics were found to be associated with the percentage of correct answers in the questionnaire modules. CONCLUSIONS: The findings reveal opportunities for improvement, mainly in knowledge related to communication skills and the approach to emotional and physical distress without diagnostic criteria for a specific disease, offering support for planning actions aimed at intensifying the consideration of these themes during the operational stages of PAS.

Implementation of a digital tool for population management in Primary Health Care.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the implementation of a digital diagnostic and territorial monitoring tool in primary healthcare. METHODS: Quantitative and qualitative study, developed in 14 basic healthcare units in São Paulo, with community health workers, coordinators, nurses, and physicians. Data collection occurred in four phases: analysis of the instruments used by the team for territory management; development of the digital tool; training and implementation; and evaluation after 90 days using focus groups. Descriptive analyses were conducted by calculating absolute and relative frequencies to treat quantitative data. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-four professionals participated in the study. In the first step, territory management's main challenges were filling out various instruments, system failures, data inconsistency, internet infrastructure/network, and lack of time. Therefore, a digital tool was developed consisting of 1) a spreadsheet recording the number of family members and markers of health conditions, date of visit, and number of return visits; 2) a spreadsheet with a summary of families visited, not visited, and refusals; and 3) a panel with a summary of the data generated instantly. In the evaluation, after the initial use of the tool, the themes that emerged were integration of the tool into daily work, evaluation of the digital tool implementation process, and improvement and opportunities for improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Faced with the challenges faced by family healthcare teams when filling out systems and managing the territory, the tool developed provided greater reliability and agility in data visualization, reduced the volume of instruments, and optimized the work process.

Implementation of advanced practice nursing in Brazilian Primary Health Care: methodological path.

OBJECTIVES: to describe the operationalization of the steps of a model proposed by the Pan American Health Organization for implementing advanced practice nursing in Primary Health Care services. METHODS: a methodological study, with a qualitative approach, carried out in a local health system located in southern São Paulo. The first six steps of the model were followed: 1) improve health outcomes; 2) identify stakeholders; 3) determine unmet health needs; 4) identify priorities and goals to introduce advanced nursing practices in primary health care; 5) define advanced practice nursing in primary health care; 6) plan implementation strategies. RESULTS: in each step, the objectives, methodological strategies and operationalization were described. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the model proved to be effective to support the process of development and implementation of advanced practice nursing in the local system studied.

What are the implications of problem-solving capacity at Primary Health Care in older adult health?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Primary Health Care attributes and analyze the association between the fulfilment of these attributes and problem-solving capacity of services for elderly patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational, quantitative study. The Primary Care Assessment Tool, designed to assess Primary Health Care attributes, was employed to evaluate elderly users of Primary Care Units located in the south region of the city of São Paulo (SP). RESULTS: Many attributes assessed at the reference services were considered as unsatisfactory by users. Overall scores were also below the cut-off point. "First contact access - use", "longitudinality" and "coordination - information system" were the only attributes considered as satisfactory. Also, more than half (62.7%) of respondent patients reported having been referred to specialized services. A combined analysis of these three outcomes revealed users referred to other services had a significantly better perception of Primary Health Care attributes. CONCLUSION: The study provides important insights on satisfaction of elderly individuals and the problem-solving capacity of health care services, especially for the study population. Findings reported emphasize the association between Primary Health Care attributes and the problem-solving capacity of health care services at this level.

Mental health actions and nurse's work.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the perception of nurses and other members of the patient care team about nurses' actions in mental health care. METHODS: the study was conducted with professionals from mental health services in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The data collected through semi-structured interviews, a questionnaire with closed questions and a focus group were submitted to content analysis. RESULTS: the participants referred mainly to the nursing care with the body and physical health, but also identified the nurse as a "gateway" for care, facilitator and integrator of actions and as the professional who has more contact with the user. Final considerations: although the stereotype of nursing as "body caregiver" refers to the beginnings of psychiatric nursing, the perception of the participants showed aspects that suggest a change in relation to the role traditionally attributed to this profession.

Psychosocial care network: managers' perception and tensions of the field.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the perception of workers and managers about the psychosocial care network in a medium-sized municipality in the inlands of the state of Minas Gerais. METHOD: qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study involving twelve participants from different points of the network. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed in the light of Pierre Bourdieu's framework of constructionist structuralism. RESULTS: the actions offered by the services were based on the perspectives of resocialization, user embracement, group and multiprofessional care, and on approaches to harm reduction, recreation and daily organization. These were configured as the network resources/capital. Tensions were identified in family embracement and in relationships between families and users, as well as in the prejudice towards people with mental disorders. Final considerations: the social agents were willing to contribute to processes of change in order to overcome the focus on specialties, the lack of training of some teams, lack of infrastructure and of some components, especially those related to leisure and community life.

The role of social support in the psychological illness of women. / O papel do apoio social no adoecimento psíquico de mulheres.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the relationship between perception of social support and emotional and physical symptoms associated with psychiatric conditions among women. METHOD: a cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out with a randomized random sample of 141 women attended at a Family Health Unit of the city of Ribeirão Preto/SP. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Social Support Questionnaire and the Self-Report Questionnaire were used. RESULTS: there was no association between sociodemographic characteristics and mental disorder, but between aspects such as low income and schooling. The exercise of professions culturally considered as of low prestige gave rise to some reflections related to gender inequality. There was a significant difference in the satisfaction scores between the women who reported or not the symptoms of tiredness and sadness and the number of supporters among those who reported or not the symptom of fatigue. Spouses and children were the most mentioned supporters, and having mental disorder was significantly associated with having no friends in the support network. CONCLUSION: issues related to gender equity and satisfaction with social support are important aspects of care. For the promotion of mental health, efforts must be made to make women feel more connected and supported by the supporters available in their social environment.

Promotion of women's mental health: the influence of physical health and the environment.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of a group of women's mental health promotion conducted by nurses. METHOD: This is a quantitative study of the pre- and post-test type. The participants were women aged between 20 and 64 years old attending a Primary Care Unit. We used the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment questionnaire, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data were collected before, immediately after and three months after the intervention. RESULTS: improvement in the physical and environmental quality of life was identified. However, there was no measurable change in the other indicators adopted. CONCLUSION: the ludic activities and the Body Mapping technique were promising for improving the physical and environmental domain of quality of life, constituting important tools for nursing care and interventions related to mental health in basic care.

Apoio social na prática de atividade física de trabalhadores / Apoyo social en la práctica de actividad física de trabajadores / Social support in workers' physical activity

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a função dos apoios sociais formal e informal na prática de atividade física durante o tempo livre de trabalhadores. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com 395 trabalhadores técnicos administrativos em uma universidade pública. Os dados foram coletados utilizando: questionário sociodemográfico, Questionário de Atividade Física Habitual de Baecke e Escala de Apoio Social para a prática de Atividade Física. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, teste t de Student, teste d de Cohen e Análise de Variância. Resultados Os participantes que referiram algum tipo de apoio para atividade física no tempo livre (92,2%) apresentaram maiores médias no escore de atividade física. O apoio institucional (58,0%) teve função de destaque como potencial influenciador em comparação ao apoio de chefias imediatas (14,2%), embora elas tenham exercido um certo diferencial entre os trabalhadores da manutenção. Conclusão O apoio social tem função importante na promoção da atividade física no tempo livre de trabalhadores. As iniciativas institucionais de estímulo ao comportamento ativo no ambiente de trabalho carecem de alinhamento com o incentivo por parte dos superiores imediatos, para que sejam mais efetivas.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la función del apoyo social formal e informal en la práctica de actividad física durante el tiempo libre de trabajadores. Métodos Estudio transversal realizado con 395 trabajadores técnicos administrativos de una universidad pública. Los datos se recopilaron utilizando un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el Cuestionario de Actividad Física Habitual de Baecke y la Escala de Apoyo Social para la Práctica de Actividad Física. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva, test-T de Student, prueba d de Cohen y análisis de varianza. Resultados Los participantes que relataron algún tipo de apoyo para actividad física en el tiempo libre (92,2 %) presentaron mayores promedios en el puntaje de actividad física. El apoyo institucional (58,0 %) tuvo una función destacada como posible influenciador en comparación con el apoyo de jefes directos (14,2 %), aunque estos últimos hayan ejercido cierto diferencial entre los trabajadores de mantenimiento. Conclusión El apoyo social tiene una función importante en la promoción de la actividad física en el tiempo libre de trabajadores. Las iniciativas institucionales de estímulo a un comportamiento activo en el ambiente de trabajo necesitan estar alineadas con el incentivo por parte de los superiores inmediatos para que sean más efectivas.

Abstract Objective To analyze the role of formal and informal social support in the practice of physical activity during workers' leisure time. Methods A cross-sectional study carried out with 395 technical administrative workers at a public university. Data were collected using sociodemographic questionnaire, Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire and Physical Activity and Social Support Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Student's t test, Cohen's d test and Analysis of Variance. Results Participants who reported some type of support for physical activity in their leisure time (92.2%) had higher means in the physical activity score. Institutional support (58.0%) had a prominent role as a potential influencer compared to support from immediate superiors (14.2%), although they had a certain differential among maintenance workers. Conclusion Social support plays an important role in promoting physical activity in workers' leisure time. Institutional initiatives to encourage active behavior in the work environment need to be aligned with encouragement by immediate superiors so that they are more effective.

Risk factors for substance use: perception of student leaders.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the perceptions of student leaders of the undergraduate course in Nursing about the motivations and/or risk factors for substance use in the university environment. METHOD: qualitative, transversal, descriptive study developed in a university campus in the state of São Paulo. Thirty members of associations affiliated with the course in Nursing participated. A questionnaire and a semi-structured interview were used, and the information was subjected to content analysis. RESULTS: the influence of the social environment was the central element in the results. The circumstances of the context, some conditions that favor the use of substances and the students' expectations regarding their use were perceived as risk factors, among which the influence of friends (96%), curiosity and search for fun (93%) stood out. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: alternatives in the university context, in conjunction with student leaders, aimed at reducing the exposure to physical and psychological suffering, constitute important resources to prevent substance abuse.

The knowledge of primary health care professionals regarding mental health: diagnosis by mhGAP / Conhecimento de profissionais da atenção primária em saúde mental: diagnóstico pelo mhGAP

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze knowledge about priority topics in mental health care of strategic actors who work in regions where the Health Care Planning (PAS) methodology is used. METHODS This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and observational study carried out with professionals from six health regions, distributed in three Brazilian states (Goiás, Rondônia and Maranhão) and linked to the project "Saúde mental na APS" (Mental health in PHC) of the Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Único de Saúde (Proadi-SUS - Institutional Development Support Program of the Brazilian Unified Health System). The sample was made up of professionals who participated in the intervention guide multiplier training stage for mental, neurological and alcohol and other drug use disorders in the primary health care network, from July to September 2022. Data collection was through a self-administered instrument, in electronic format, consisting of a block with socioeconomic items and a structured questionnaire to assess participants' knowledge about priority topics in mental health. Descriptive analyses and comparison of proportions were conducted to analyze the data. RESULTS A total of 354 health professionals participated in the study. Regarding the percentage of correct answers in the questionnaire on priority topics in mental health, the highest medians were identified in the "Depression" module. On the other hand, the content referring to the modules "Essential care and practices" and "Other important complaints" presented the lowest values. Furthermore, some participant characteristics were found to be associated with the percentage of correct answers in the questionnaire modules. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal opportunities for improvement, mainly in knowledge related to communication skills and the approach to emotional and physical distress without diagnostic criteria for a specific disease, offering support for planning actions aimed at intensifying the consideration of these themes during the operational stages of PAS.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar o conhecimento sobre temas prioritários do cuidado em saúde mental de atores estratégicos que atuam em regiões nas quais se utiliza a metodologia da Planificação da Atenção à Saúde (PAS). MÉTODOS Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal e observacional realizado com profissionais de seis regiões de saúde, distribuídas em três estados brasileiros (Goiás, Rondônia e Maranhão) e vinculadas ao projeto "Saúde mental na APS" do Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Único de Saúde (Proadi-SUS). A amostra foi composta por profissionais que participaram da etapa de formação de multiplicadores do manual de intervenções para transtornos mentais, neurológicos e por uso de álcool e outras drogas na rede de atenção básica à saúde, no período de julho a setembro de 2022. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir de um instrumento autoaplicável, em formato eletrônico, composto por um bloco com itens socioeconômicos e um questionário estruturado para avaliação do conhecimento dos participantes acerca de temas prioritários em saúde mental. Para análise dos dados, foram empreendidas análises descritivas e comparação de proporções. RESULTADOS Participaram do estudo 354 profissionais de saúde. Em relação ao percentual de acerto no questionário sobre temas prioritários em saúde mental, as medianas mais altas foram identificadas no módulo de "Depressão". Em contrapartida, o conteúdo referente aos módulos "Cuidados e práticas essenciais" e "Outras queixas importantes" apresentaram os valores mais baixos. Além disso, identificou-se que algumas características dos participantes apresentaram associações com o percentual de acertos nos módulos do questionário. CONCLUSÕES Os achados revelam oportunidades de melhoria, principalmente no conhecimento relacionado às habilidades de comunicação e a abordagem ao sofrimento emocional e físico sem critérios diagnósticos para uma doença específica, oferecendo subsídios para o planejamento de ações que visem a intensificação do olhar destas temáticas durante as etapas operacionais da PAS.

Brazilian Scale for Evaluation of Mental Health Care Needs: Additional Evidence / Escala de Avaliação da Necessidade de Cuidado em Saúde Mental: evidências adicionais

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate validity evidence of the Brazilian Scale for Evaluation of Mental Health Care Needs (CuidaSM). METHODS This is a psychometric study, which seeks additional evidence of internal structure. Data collection was carried out in 11 Primary Health Care (PHC) services , which implement the Health Care Planning (HCP) methodology, distributed across the five Brazilian regions. The preliminary version of CuidaSM, containing a block self-referred by the user and another block evaluated by PHC professionals, was applied to users aged 18 or over who attended the PHC services for consultation with a higher education professional. The techniques of confirmatory factor analysis and network analysis were used to investigate validity evidence. For the primary data of the confirmatory factor analysis, the factorial loads and the item's predictive power (R2) were used. Six model adjustment indices were adopted and reliability was measured by three indicators using Bayesian estimation. RESULTS A total of 879 users participated in the study. By confirmatory factor analysis, factorial loads ranged from 0.43 to 0.99 and R2 from 0.19 to 0.98. Both the primary indicators and the model adequacy indices were established at satisfactory and consistent levels. The network analysis showed that the items were appropriately associated with their peers, respecting the established dimensions, which again indicates the sustainability and stability of the proposed model. CONCLUSIONS The study findings confirm a consistent and reliable model of the instrument, through a combination of techniques. Considering the importance of using solid instruments in clinical practice, CuidaSM is a promising tool for population-based management and network care organization, aligned with HCP proposals.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Investigar evidências de validade da Escala de Avaliação da Necessidade de Cuidado em Saúde Mental (CuidaSM). MÉTODOS Trata-se de um estudo de natureza psicométrica, que busca evidências adicionais de estrutura interna. A coleta de dados foi realizada em 11 unidades básicas de saúde (UBS), que executam a metodologia da Planificação da Atenção à Saúde (PAS), distribuídas nas cinco regiões brasileiras. A versão preliminar da CuidaSM, contendo um bloco autorreferido pelo usuário e outro avaliado por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde (APS), foi aplicada em usuários com 18 anos ou mais que compareceram às UBS para consulta com profissional de nível superior. As técnicas de análise fatorial confirmatória e network analysis foram utilizadas para investigação das evidências de validade. Para os dados primários da análise fatorial confirmatória, utilizou-se as cargas fatoriais e o poder preditivo do item (R2). Foram adotados seis índices de ajustamento do modelo e a confiabilidade foi aferida por três indicadores por meio de bayesian estimation. RESULTADOS Participaram do estudo 879 usuários. Pela análise fatorial confirmatória, as cargas fatoriais variaram de 0,43 a 0,99 e R2 de 0,19 a 0,98. Tanto os indicadores primários como os índices de adequação do modelo estabeleceram-se em níveis satisfatórios e consistentes. A network analysis apontou que os itens se associaram de forma adequada a seus pares, respeitando as dimensões estabelecidas, o que indica, novamente, a sustentabilidade e estabilidade do modelo proposto. CONCLUSÕES Os achados do estudo confirmam um modelo consistente e confiável do instrumento, por meio da combinação de técnicas. Considerando a relevância do uso de instrumentos sólidos na prática clínica, a CuidaSM se apresenta como uma ferramenta promissora para a gestão de base populacional e organização do cuidado em rede, alinhada às propostas da PAS.

Implementation of a digital tool for population management in Primary Health Care / Implementação de ferramenta digital para gestão populacional na atenção primária à saúde

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Describe the implementation of a digital diagnostic and territorial monitoring tool in primary healthcare. METHODS Quantitative and qualitative study, developed in 14 basic healthcare units in São Paulo, with community health workers, coordinators, nurses, and physicians. Data collection occurred in four phases: analysis of the instruments used by the team for territory management; development of the digital tool; training and implementation; and evaluation after 90 days using focus groups. Descriptive analyses were conducted by calculating absolute and relative frequencies to treat quantitative data. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. RESULTS Three hundred thirty-four professionals participated in the study. In the first step, territory management's main challenges were filling out various instruments, system failures, data inconsistency, internet infrastructure/network, and lack of time. Therefore, a digital tool was developed consisting of 1) a spreadsheet recording the number of family members and markers of health conditions, date of visit, and number of return visits; 2) a spreadsheet with a summary of families visited, not visited, and refusals; and 3) a panel with a summary of the data generated instantly. In the evaluation, after the initial use of the tool, the themes that emerged were integration of the tool into daily work, evaluation of the digital tool implementation process, and improvement and opportunities for improvement. CONCLUSIONS Faced with the challenges faced by family healthcare teams when filling out systems and managing the territory, the tool developed provided greater reliability and agility in data visualization, reduced the volume of instruments, and optimized the work process.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever a implementação de uma ferramenta digital de diagnóstico e monitoramento territorial na atenção primária à saúde. MÉTODOS Estudo quanti-qualitativo, desenvolvido em 14 Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de São Paulo, com agentes comunitários de saúde, coordenadores, enfermeiros e médicos. A coleta de dados ocorreu em quatro fases: análise dos instrumentos utilizados pela equipe para gestão do território; desenvolvimento da ferramenta digital; treinamento e implantação; avaliação após 90 dias por meio de grupos focais. Foram realizadas análises descritivas por meio do cálculo de frequências absolutas e relativas para tratamento dos dados quantitativos. Os dados qualitativos foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS 334 profissionais participaram do estudo. Na primeira etapa foram identificados como principais desafios para gestão do território o preenchimento de diversos instrumentos, falhas no sistema, inconsistência dos dados, infraestrutura/rede de internet e falta de tempo. Assim, foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta digital composta por: i) planilha com registro do número de membros familiares e marcadores de condições de saúde, data da visita e quantidade de revisitas; ii) planilha com resumo de famílias visitadas, não visitadas e recusas; e iii) um painel com resumo dos dados gerados instantaneamente. Na avaliação, após uso inicial da ferramenta, as temáticas que emergiram foram: integração da ferramenta no cotidiano de trabalho; avaliação do processo de implementação da ferramenta digital; aperfeiçoamento e oportunidades de melhoria. CONCLUSÃO Frente aos desafios encontrados por parte das equipes de saúde da família para preenchimento dos sistemas e gestão do território, a ferramenta desenvolvida proporcionou maior fidedignidade e agilidade na visualização dos dados, redução no volume de instrumentos e otimização do processo de trabalho.

Implementation of advanced practice nursing in Brazilian Primary Health Care: methodological path / Implementación de prácticas avanzadas de enfermería en la Atención Primaria de Salud brasileña: camino metodológico / Implantação de práticas avançadas de enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde brasileira: percurso metodológico

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe the operationalization of the steps of a model proposed by the Pan American Health Organization for implementing advanced practice nursing in Primary Health Care services. Methods: a methodological study, with a qualitative approach, carried out in a local health system located in southern São Paulo. The first six steps of the model were followed: 1) improve health outcomes; 2) identify stakeholders; 3) determine unmet health needs; 4) identify priorities and goals to introduce advanced nursing practices in primary health care; 5) define advanced practice nursing in primary health care; 6) plan implementation strategies. Results: in each step, the objectives, methodological strategies and operationalization were described. Final Considerations: the model proved to be effective to support the process of development and implementation of advanced practice nursing in the local system studied.

RESUMEN Objetivos: describir la operacionalización de las etapas del modelo propuesto por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud para la implementación de prácticas avanzadas de enfermería en los servicios de Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio metodológico, con enfoque cualitativo, realizado en un sistema local de salud ubicado en el sur de la ciudad de São Paulo. Se siguieron los primeros seis pasos del modelo: 1) mejorar los resultados de salud; 2) identificar a las partes interesadas; 3) determinar las necesidades de salud insatisfechas; 4) identificar prioridades y objetivos para introducir prácticas avanzadas de enfermería en la Atención Primaria de Salud; 5) definir prácticas avanzadas de enfermería en la atención primaria de salud; 6) estrategias de implementación del plan. Resultados: en cada etapa se describieron objetivos, estrategias metodológicas y operacionalización. Consideraciones Finales: el modelo demostró ser efectivo para apoyar el proceso de desarrollo e implementación de la práctica avanzada de enfermería en el sistema local estudiado.

RESUMO Objetivos: descrever a operacionalização das etapas do modelo proposto pela Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde para a implantação de práticas avançadas de enfermagem em serviços da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: estudo metodológico, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado em um sistema local de saúde localizado na zona sul do município de São Paulo. Foram seguidas as seis primeiras etapas do modelo: 1) melhorar os resultados de saúde; 2) identificar os interessados; 3) determinar as necessidades de saúde não atendidas; 4) identificar prioridades e metas para introduzir as práticas avançadas de enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde; 5) definir as práticas avançadas de enfermagem em cuidados primários de saúde; 6) planejar as estratégias de implementação. Resultados: em cada etapa, foram descritas os objetivos, as estratégicas metodológicas e a operacionalização. Considerações Finais: o modelo mostrou-se eficaz para apoiar o processo de desenvolvimento e implantação da prática avançada de enfermagem no sistema local estudado.

Mental health in the Family Health Strategy as perceived by health professionals.

OBJECTIVE:: to analyze the management of mental health needs in primary care as perceived by Family Health Strategy professionals. METHOD:: this was a qualitative descriptive exploratory study developed within the coverage area of five family health teams. The data were collected using observation, group interviews, individual semi-structured interviews, and focus groups. Content analysis was conducted using text analysis software and interpretation was based on the corresponding analytical structures. RESULTS:: numerous and challenging mental health demands occur in this setting, for which the teams identified care resources; however, they also indicated difficulties, especially related to the operationalization and integration of such resources. CONCLUSION:: there is a need for a care network sensitive to mental health demands that are better coordinated and more effectively managed. OBJETIVO:: analisar o manejo das necessidades de saúde mental na atenção primária à saúde de acordo com a percepção dos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família. MÉTODO:: estudo qualitativo, descritivo exploratório, desenvolvido no território de abrangência de cinco equipes de saúde da família. Os participantes foram cinco enfermeiras, cinco coordenadores e 17 agentes comunitários de saúde. Os dados foram coletados utilizando observação, entrevistas grupais, entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e grupos focais. Fez-se a análise de conteúdo com o auxílio de um Software de análise textual, e a interpretação baseou-se nas estruturas analíticas correspondentes. RESULTADOS:: inúmeras e desafiadoras demandas de saúde mental têm sido acolhidas nesse setting, para as quais as equipes identificaram recursos de atendimento; no entanto, apontaram dificuldades, sobretudo relacionadas à operacionalização e integração destes recursos. CONCLUSÃO:: destaca-se a necessidade de uma rede de cuidados sensível a tais demandas, mais articulada e gerida de modo eficaz.