RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of oral and topical treatment with Bidens pilosa (BP) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- induced toxicity. Fifty-six rats were divided into seven groups: A: CCl4 only; B: CCl4+oral BP; C: CCl4 and topical BP; D: CCl4+oral and topical BP; E: oral BP only; F: negative control; and G: positive control (cyclophosphamide). The animals were treated for 10 weeks. Blood samples were collected for tests of hepatic and renal function, and fragments of the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, and intestine were collected for histopathological analyses. Cells from the femoral bone marrow were used for a micronucleus test and 'comet assay'. Statistically significant differences were observed in the levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), albumin, urea and creatinine, hepatic inflammation, renal tubular lesion, and inflammation of the intestinal mucosa between the BP-treated groups and untreated group. The median number of micronuclei in group A was 4.00, in group G was 9.00 and in the other groups was 0.00. Group A had the lowest number of cells with a score of 0 and the greatest number with scores of 3 and 4, similar to the results obtained from group G using the 'comet assay'. Thus, BP effectively protected against the toxic effects of CCl4 on the liver, kidney, and intestine and exerted an antimutagenic effect on rats exposed to CCl4.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antimutagênicos/farmacología , Bidens , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/prevención & control , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Enfermedades Renales/prevención & control , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Tetracloruro de Carbono , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/etiología , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/metabolismo , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/patología , Ensayo Cometa , Daño del ADN , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Riñón/metabolismo , Riñón/patología , Enfermedades Renales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Renales/metabolismo , Enfermedades Renales/patología , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Micronúcleos con Defecto Cromosómico/inducido químicamente , Micronúcleos con Defecto Cromosómico/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Micronúcleos , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of water pH in the genesis of cardiovascular injury caused by cadmium poisoning. For this study, 90 male Wistar rats were used, divided into six groups: A, 15 rats that received 400 mg/l cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in drinking water at a neutral pH of 7.0; B, 15 rats that received CdCl2 (400 mg/l) in drinking water at an acidic pH of 5.0; C, 15 rats that received CdCl2 (400 mg/l) in drinking water at a basic pH of 8.0; D, 15 rats that received water at an acidic pH of 5.0; E, 15 rats that received water at a basic pH of 8.0; and F, 15 rats that received water at a neutral pH of 7.0. All animals were euthanized after 6 months. We collected the heart and aorta from each rat for microscopic analysis. No microscopic changes were observed in the hearts. In the aorta, fatty streaks appeared in a large proportion of animals in groups A (50 %) and B (46 %), but fatty streaks appeared in a smaller minority of animals in groups C (15.3 %), D (0 %), E (7 %), and F (13.3 %) (p < 0.05). Cadmium exposure caused the development of fatty streaks in the aorta of animals and the exposure to this metal in basic pH decreased the formation of these lesions.