RESUMEN
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 2046 Mexicans from the state of Jalisco living in the city of Guadalajara (Nâ¯=â¯1189), Tlajomulco (Nâ¯=â¯30), Tlaquepaque (Nâ¯=â¯39), Tonalá (Nâ¯=â¯35), Zapopan (Nâ¯=â¯168) and rural communities (Nâ¯=â¯585), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the most frequent haplotypes found in the state of Jalisco include nine Native American most probable ancestry and three European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state of Jalisco are European (48.45⯱â¯1.18% by ML; 41.66% of European haplotypes) and Native American (44.02⯱â¯1.24% by ML; 39.86% of Native American haplotypes), while African genetic component is less apparent (7.53⯱â¯0.30% by ML; 9.62% of African haplotypes).
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Antígenos HLA/genética , Alelos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Geografía , Haplotipos , Humanos , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , México , Población RuralRESUMEN
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 161 Mexicans from the state of Nayarit living in Tepic (Nâ¯=â¯97) and rural communities (Nâ¯=â¯64), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the ten most frequent haplotypes found in the state of Nayarit include eight Native American and two European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state of Nayarit are Native American (50.79⯱â¯5.03% by ML; 42.24% of Native American haplotypes) and European (37.04⯱â¯6.21% by ML; 35.72% of European haplotypes), while African genetic component is less apparent but relatively high (12.17⯱â¯2.50% by ML; 13.36% of African haplotypes).
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Antígenos HLA/genética , Alelos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Geografía , Haplotipos , Humanos , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , México , Población RuralRESUMEN
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 104 Mexicans from the state of Colima living in the city of Colima (Nâ¯=â¯61) and rural communities (Nâ¯=â¯43), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the most frequent haplotypes in the state of Colima include eight Native American, two European and one African haplotype. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state are Native American (52.74⯱â¯3.88% by ML; 48.10% of Native American haplotypes) and European (37.52⯱â¯8.94% by ML; 26.66% of European haplotypes), and a relatively high African genetic component (9.74⯱â¯8.40% by ML; 11.91% of African haplotypes).
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Antígenos HLA/genética , Alelos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Geografía , Haplotipos , Humanos , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , México , Población RuralRESUMEN
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 498 Mexicans from the state of Michoacán living in the city of Morelia (Nâ¯=â¯150) and rural communities (Nâ¯=â¯348), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the ten most frequent haplotypes found in the state of Michoacán include 12 Native American and two European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state of Michoacán are Native American (48.79⯱â¯1.44%) and European (43.10⯱â¯0.86%), while African genetic component is less apparent (8.11⯱â¯0.85%). Our findings add to the growing knowledge on the population genetics of Western Mexico and provide new HLA data on populations from Michoacán.
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Antígenos HLA/genética , Alelos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Geografía , Haplotipos , Humanos , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , México , Población RuralRESUMEN
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 250 Mexicans from the states of Baja California Norte and Baja California Sur living in Mexicali (Nâ¯=â¯100), La Paz (Nâ¯=â¯75), Tijuana (Nâ¯=â¯25) and rural communities (Nâ¯=â¯50) to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. The most frequent haplotypes for the Baja California region include nine Native American and five European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components are European (50.45⯱â¯1.84% by ML; 42.03% of European haplotypes) and Native American (43.72⯱â¯2.36% by ML; 40.24% of Native American haplotypes), while the African genetic component was less apparent (5.83⯱â¯0.98% by ML; 9.36% of African haplotypes).
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Antígenos HLA/genética , Alelos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genotipo , Geografía Médica , Haplotipos , Humanos , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , México , Tipificación de Secuencias MultilocusRESUMEN
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 286 Mexicans from the state of Sinaloa living in Culiacán (Nâ¯=â¯103) and rural communities (Nâ¯=â¯183) to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the most frequent haplotypes for the state of Sinaloa include ten Native American most probable ancestry and five European most probable ancestry haplotypes. The admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state of Sinaloa are European (62.39⯱â¯3.47%) and Native American (37.61⯱â¯2.85%), while the African genetic component was estimated as virtually absent (0.00⯱â¯1.86%).
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Antígenos HLA/genética , Alelos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genotipo , Geografía , Haplotipos , Humanos , Inmunogenética , México , Población RuralRESUMEN
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 262 Mexicans from the state of Guanajuato living in the cities of Guanajuato (Nâ¯=â¯78), León (Nâ¯=â¯22) and rural communities (Nâ¯=â¯162), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the most frequent haplotypes found in the state of Guanajuato include 12 Native American and three European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in the state of Guanajuato are Native American (50.64⯱â¯2.11% by ML, 43.35% of Native American haplotypes) and European (44.14⯱â¯1.14% by ML; 39.35% of European haplotypes), while African genetic component is less apparent (5.22⯱â¯2.08% by ML; 8.36% of African haplotypes).
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Antígenos HLA/genética , Alelos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Geografía , Haplotipos , Humanos , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , México , Población RuralRESUMEN
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) allele groups and alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in a total of 15,318 mixed ancestry Mexicans from all the states of the country divided into 78 sample sets, providing information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies and their linkage disequilibrium, as well as admixture estimates and genetic substructure. We identified the presence of 4268 unique HLA extended haplotypes across Mexico and find that the ten most frequent (HF > 1%) HLA haplotypes with significant linkage disequilibrium (Δ'≥0.1) in Mexico (accounting for 20% of the haplotypic diversity of the country) are of primarily Native American ancestry (A*02~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*08~DQB1*04, A*68~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*14~DQB1*03:01, A*24~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*40:02~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*68~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*15:01~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02). Admixture estimates obtained by a maximum likelihood method using HLA-A/-B/-DRB1 as genetic estimators revealed that the main genetic components in Mexico as a whole are Native American (ranging from 37.8% in the northern part of the country to 81.5% in the southeastern region) and European (ranging from 11.5% in the southeast to 62.6% in northern Mexico). African admixture ranged from 0.0 to 12.7% not following any specific pattern. We were able to detect three major immunogenetic clusters correlating with genetic diversity and differential admixture within Mexico: North, Central and Southeast, which is in accordance with previous reports using genome-wide data. Our findings provide insights into the population immunogenetic substructure of the whole country and add to the knowledge of mixed ancestry Latin American population genetics, important for disease association studies, detection of demographic signatures on population variation and improved allocation of public health resources.