Remarkably Intricate Raman Spectra of Platinum(II)-Ligand Skeletal Modes in Diamminedihalido Complexes.

More than 100 calculations of vibrational frequencies for cis-[Pt(NH3)2X2] (X = Cl-, Br-) and trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] have been published over the past 25 years. The high-quality Raman spectra presented here have sufficient resolution in the crucial region of metal-ligand modes to permit an assessment of frequency calculations. The peaks for symmetric and antisymmetric Pt-Cl stretching modes νs and νa are resolved in the 312-333 cm-1 region. Frequency variations due to 35Cl and 37Cl isotopes are shown to be comparable in size to the differences between νs and νa. Peaks corresponding to the two Pt-Br stretching frequencies are observed at 213 and 218 cm-1 and Pt-N stretching frequencies for all compounds between 485 and 540 cm-1. The crystal structures of trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] and cis-[Pt(NH3)2Br2] at 300 and 120 K are reported and complement the variable-temperature vibrational frequencies.

Controlling Second Coordination Sphere Effects in Luminescent Ruthenium Complexes by Means of External Pressure.

Two luminescent heteroleptic RuII complexes with a 2,2'-biimidazole (biimH2 ) ligand form doubly hydrogen-bonded salt bridges to 4-sulfobenzoate anions in single crystals. The structure of one of these cation-anion adducts shows that the biimH2 ligand is deprotonated. Its 3 MLCT luminescence band does not shift significantly under the influence of an external hydrostatic pressure, a behavior typical for these electronic transitions. In contrast, hydrostatic pressure on the other crystalline cation-anion adduct induces a shift of proton density from the peripheral N-H groups of biimH2 towards benzoate, leading to a pronounced redshift of the 3 MLCT luminescence band. Such a significant and pressure-tunable influence from an interaction in the second coordination sphere is unprecedented in artificial small-molecule-based systems.

Hypersensitive pressure-dependence of the conversion temperature of hysteretic valence tautomeric manganese-nitronyl nitroxide radical 2D-frameworks.

Valence tautomeric manganese(ii)-radical lamellar compounds {[Mn2(NITIm)3]X}n with NITIm a nitronyl nitroxide radical and X = ClO4- (1) or BF4- (2) show a pressure-induced increase of their conversion temperature by approximately 40 K at a mild external pressure of 0.1 GPa, shifting the transition from near room temperature to hot temperature regions.

Thermally-induced hysteretic valence tautomeric conversions in the solid state via two-step labile electron transfers in manganese-nitronyl nitroxide 2D-frameworks.

Near room temperature hysteretic thermo-induced valence tautomerism was discovered in a layered 2D-coordination polymer of manganese(ii) with nitronyl nitroxide radicals separated by ClO4- anions (1). This opens a novel approach towards switchable materials with hysteresis and under ambient conditions with prospects for applications and for investigating solid-state intramolecular electron transfers. Herein, two new compounds with similar layered structures where the anions (X) are BF4- (2) or PF6- (3) are presented. Their magnetic behaviors also reveal hysteretic thermo-induced valence tautomeric conversions but in two steps and evidencing a strong effect of the anion. This occurs near room temperature (278-220 K) for 2 and higher for 3 (380-330 K). Their single crystal structures at different temperatures show that this involves two successive thermally-triggered electron transfers with switching between three redox tautomers formulated as {[MnII2-yMnIIIy(NITIm)3-y(NITRed)y]X}n, where y is temperature dependent. Upon cooling from the high-temperature redox-tautomer (y = 0) to the intermediate one (y = 1), half of the manganese(ii) centers are oxidized to manganese(iii) and 1/3 of the nitronyl nitroxide radicals (NITIm-) are reduced to the aminoxyl form (NITRed2-). On further cooling, the second half of the manganese(ii) centers are oxidized and another 1/3 of the radicals are reduced to reach the low-temperature redox-tautomer (y = 2). Upon reheating, reverse electron transfers occur. This is complementarily supported by X-ray powder measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and electron paramagnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopies. These multi-stable compounds in which manganese ions exchange reversibly their electron with the nitronyl nitroxide radical are outstanding rare examples of two-step valence tautomerism in the solid state promoted by the polymeric structure.

Mononuclear manganese(iii) complexes with reduced imino nitroxide radicals by single-electron transfer and intermolecular hydrogen bonds as an intramolecular structural driving force.

Manganese(iii) complexes were synthesized by one-electron transfer from a Mn(ii) ion to the imino nitroxide radical 2-(2-imidazolyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl (IMImH) in methanol. After the manganese ions attained the +III oxidation state, the imino nitroxide radicals were found to be irreversibly reduced in the complexes. Depending on the synthesis conditions, two complexes differing by their counter-anions were isolated as single crystals. These are [Mn(IMHIm)2(MeOH)2]ClO4·H2O (1) and [Mn(IMHIm)2(MeOH)2]PF6 (2), which crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n and triclinic P1[combining macron] space groups, respectively. The two complexes show Jahn-Teller distortions typical of Mn(iii) centres and only reduced radicals are coordinated, as indicated by the N-O bond lengths and electroneutrality. In addition, the crystal structure analyses reveal two intermolecular hydrogen bonding networks. One involves counter-anions, water molecules and reduced radicals, and the other involves coordinated methanol molecules and imidazole moieties. These intermolecular interactions are driving forces that stabilize the two complexes. They also suggest that the tautomer is in the amino imine-oxide form after reduction of the radical and reveal the deprotonation of the imidazole ring, which is required for electroneutrality. This assessment is supported by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, EPR and Raman spectroscopy as well as magnetic and electrochemical studies.

Temperature and pressure variations of d-d luminescence band maxima of bis(pyridylalkenolato)palladium(II) complexes with different ligand substituents: opposite-signed trends.

Luminescence spectra of two d(8)-configured bis(pyridylalkenolato)palladium(ii) complexes, [Pd{PyCHC(C3F7)O}2] and [Pd{PyCHC(CH3)O}2], are presented at variable temperature and pressure. Bands are assigned as d-d transitions. The heptafluoropropyl and methyl substituents on the ligands have different steric demands, influencing luminescence spectra. Broad bands with maxima at approximately 12 700 cm(-1) (790 nm) for ligands with heptafluoropropyl substituents and 12,100 cm(-1) (830 nm) for ligands with methyl substituents and widths of approximately 2100 cm(-1) for both complexes are observed at 80 K. Quenching of the luminescence is observed as temperature increases. The maxima of [Pd{PyCHC(C3F7)O}2] show a shift of -0.9 ± 0.1 cm(-1) K(-1) due to broadening of the spectra to lower energy. The luminescence maxima of [Pd{PyCHC(CH3)O}2] shift in the opposite direction by +7.2 ± 0.7 cm(-1) K(-1). Shifts with different signs are also obtained from variable-pressure luminescence spectra, with values of +13 ± 2 cm(-1) kbar(-1) and -15 ± 7 cm(-1) kbar(-1) for [Pd{PyCHC(C3F7)O}2] and [Pd{PyCHC(CH3)O}2], respectively. The pressure-induced decrease is unusual and likely caused by intermolecular interactions involving the palladium(ii) center and a vinylic proton of a neighboring complex.

Spectroscopic studies of lanthanide complexes of varying nuclearity based on a compartmentalised ligand.

The synthesis, characterization and solid-state luminescence spectroscopy of mononuclear (f), heterodinuclear (d-f) and heterotrinuclear (d-f-d) coordination compounds with the compartmental ligand N,N'-bis(3-hydroxyl salicylidene)benzene-1,2-diamine (H2L) are reported. The trivalent lanthanide ions Nd(III), Sm(III), Eu(III), Gd(III), Tb(III) and Dy(III) as single metal centres or in combination with either Zn(II) or Ni(II) were coordinated. Compounds are characterised by elemental analyses, IR, 1D and 2D solution (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, measurements of magnetic moments and solid state UV-Vis-NIR reflectance, luminescence and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Crystal structures of the dinuclear compounds [SmZn(O2NO)3(L)(OH2)]·EtOH and [DyZn(O2NO)2(Cl)(L)(EtOH)]·3EtOH and the trinuclear compound [TbZn2(L)2(Cl)2(OH2)](NO3)·EtOH are presented, where samarium(iii) displays a coordination number of ten, with a bicapped cubic geometry, while for the dysprosium compound a nine-coordinated environment with a tricapped trigonal prismatic geometry is shown. Their crystals belong to the triclinic system and the P1[combining macron] space group. The coordination number for terbium(iii) in the trinuclear complex is nine, with a tricapped trigonal prismatic geometry, and its crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group C2/c. For these three compounds, the zinc ion stabilises a penta-coordinated environment with square pyramid geometry. All mononuclear and dinuclear compounds are neutral, whereas the trinuclear complexes are ionic. The results of DFT theoretical calculations for the ligand (H2L) are used to assign the ligand singlet and triplet excited state energy levels. Luminescence studies of the neodymium compounds indicate that the ligand is a sensitizer for NIR emitters.

The luminescence properties of linear vs. kinked aurophilic 1-D chains of bis(dithiocarbamato)gold(I) dimers.

Widely varying luminescence spectra are reported for 1-D chains of bis(dithiocarbamato)gold(I) dimers. Variable pressure luminescence spectra elucidate the effect of angular overlap on the emission properties of the aurophilic chain.