Acetate in predilution in bicarbonate.

Acetate in predilution in bicarbonate dialysis with AN69 S. The purpose of this work was to assess whether bicarbonate dialysis, with infusion of acetate in predilution, using an AN69-S filter, offered some advantage over bicarbonate and acetate dialysis. In a period of 16 months we analysed 11 patients with this method, comparing them with one group of 7 patients in bicarbonate dialysis and another of 11 in acetate dialysis. The following parameters were investigated: acid-basic balance, HCT, weight and the intradialytic symptoms. There was some improvement in both objective and subjective parameters in patients treated by this method compared to patients in the control groups and the results were lasting.

[Gastroesophageal reflux of mixed type]. / Il reflusso gastro-esofageo di tipo misto.

Gastroesophageal reflux has been showed both clinically and experimentally to be especially damaging esophageal mucosal layer when the elements which make up reflux are gastric content and bilio-pancreatic juice.

[Histopathology of reflux esophagitis at an early phase. Study and significance of intraepithelial eosinophilia]. / L'istopatologia dell'esofagite da reflusso in fase precoce. Ricerca e significato dell'eosinofilia intraepiteliale.

The diagnosis of reflux esophagitis in the early stage is not easy because endoscopy rarely shows evident findings and histology of biopsy specimens still appears unclear and doubtful. Usual histopathological findings are reported and most available diagnostic criteria are discussed, on the basis of the literature and personal experience. Intraepithelial eosinophils are a possible marker of early reflux esophagitis: its diagnostic usefulness is outlined.

[Congenital cysts of the liver. Their instrumental diagnosis and the indications for surgical treatment]. / Cisti congenite del fegato. Diagnosi strumentale e indicazioni al trattamento chirurgico.

The authors report their experience of 8 cases of congenital cysts of the liver describing instrumental examinations used for diagnosis and different surgical operation performed. The Authors believe that the choice of surgical procedure, performed in symptomatic patients and large cysts, has to be according to different parameters as morphology and localization of the cysts and coexisting pathologies. Being non-malignant pathology, conservative surgery often avoids the complications of liver resection.

Testicular amyloidosis.

Rapid testicular enlargement is usually strongly suggestive of tumor. Primary testicular infiltration due to amyloidosis is rare. We report a new case of primary testicular amyloidosis in a 72-year-old white man who presented with a short history of painless right testis enlargement.

Anorectal continence and bladder function. Effects of major sacral resection.

The effect of sacral resection up to S-2 has been investigated in two patients with "chordomas," surgical division of the spinal roots was unilateral and bilateral, respectively. Anal manometry, electromyography of the sphincters, and the ascertaining of tactile, thermic, and painful stimuli perception in the perineum and anal canal were executed to determine the effects of denervation on anorectal continence. Vesical function was tested by vesical manometry. Results differ strongly between the two patients: the first, with unilateral loss of S-2, has perfect anorectal continence. The second, with bilateral loss of S-2, is incontinent and unable to discriminate rectal contents. It is sufficient to retain only one S-2 root for the maintenance of physiologic continence, including distinction between different types of bowel contents (gaseous or solid) passing through the anal canal. The same is true concerning bladder function.