[An attempt to deconstruct the French "syndrome de glissement"]. / Essai de déconstruction du syndrome de glissement.

The "syndrome de glissement" is a French term used to describe end-of-life situations where the elderly person becomes adynamic and any therapeutic intervention seems ineffective until the patient dies. It is close to failure to thrive. Although its use, which is widespread, seems appropriate to briefly describe a complex situation, it has the major disadvantage of leading to an absence of clinical and therapeutic approach, which represents a loss of chance for the patient. In clinical practice, we consider that what is referred to as a sliding syndrome is actually a situation of apathy associated with a deterioration in general condition. A diagnostic approach should therefore look for all organic pathologies that associate deterioration in general condition and apathy, and neuropsychiatric situations such as episodes of major depression that produce such symptoms. Once these diagnoses have been ruled out, the person should be considered for palliative care and benefit from the expertise that goes with this practice. Any elderly person in a situation resembling what is known as a syndrome de glissement should therefore benefit from a rigorous clinical approach, and not be considered beyond any therapeutic resources. It is a matter of dignity and quality of care.

[Sociological and geographical markers in favour of a distance and potential availability score for the children of the very elderly]. / Jalons sociologiques et géographiques en faveur d'un score de distance et de disponibilité potentielle des enfants de personnes très âgées.

Old age is a time of emotional, social and physiological challenges. The role of the family remains essential in coping with these challenges. This is particularly true of non-cohabiting children, who in 2020 accounted for just under half of all those helping elderly people with loss of autonomy and/or pathologies. Following on from sociological research on close caregivers, this article first looks at the level and influence of children's relationships and assistance towards their elderly parents, and then proposes the construction of a territorial indicator - in this case, a score - to measure the spatial proximity and potential availability of children. Subject to further development, this indicator represents a first milestone in the territorial understanding of children's relationships with and help for their elderly parents.

[Prevalence and factors related to frailty dwelling home elderly -subjects using a modified SEGA scale: a study in primary care]. / Prévalence et facteurs associés à la fragilité chez des sujets âgés vivant à domicile à l'aide de la grille SEGA modifiée : une étude en soins primaires.

The prevalence of frailty determines the proportion of the population that will experience intercurrent events and dependency. The aim was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with frailty using the modified SEGA grid. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The primary endpoint was frailty, assessed using the modified SEGA grid. RESULTS: The prevalence of frail and very frail people was jointly estimated at 33%. In multivariate analysis, gender, lifestyle and marital status did not appear to be associated with frailty. However, the IAVL score was associated with frailty OR=0.21 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.68; p=0.009). EVS is also associated with frailty for mild pain OR= 12.12 (95% CI 2.49 to 59.08; p=0.007). CONCLUSION: Our results independently show the association between IAVL and frailty, with a one-unit increase in IAVL score being less associated with frailty.

Fragility and quality of life, the benefits of physical activity for the elderly / Fragilité et qualité de vie, les apports de l'activité physique chez la personne âgée

Frailty and quality of life are concepts that emerged in the second half of the 20th century. Frailty can be defined as a clinical syndrome of decreased physiological reserves and resistance against stressful events conferring high risk for adverse health outcomes, including loss of independence, falls, hospitalization, institutionalization and mortality. However, it is considered that frailty can potentially be prevented or treated with specific modalities. Quality of life has various definitions because of its subjective nature. The World Health Organisation defined quality of life as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns". The aim of this study is to review information regarding the potential association between frailty and quality of life in the elderly, and the effects of physical activity among different parameters of these phenomena. There are few studies that investigate links between frailty, quality of life and physical activity. However, results tend to show that physical aspects of frailty syndrome are inversely proportional to the quality of life in several of its dimensions. Furthermore, community-based exercise programs involving the elderly seem to improve the quality of life. Considering that physical activity can potentially have an impact on the quality of life among frail elderly and promote healthy aging, further research will be necessary to corroborate these results.

La fragilité et la qualité de vie sont des concepts qui font leur apparition dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle. La fragilité se situe entre le vieillissement usuel et pathologique. Il reflète une diminution de la faculté de l'organisme à résister à un stress, favorisant la survenue d'évènements péjoratifs de santé. Il s'agit d'un syndrome clinique multifactoriel potentiellement réversible via des actions de prévention. La qualité de vie est un concept très large et multifactoriel correspondant à la perception qu'un individu a de sa place dans la vie. Ce travail a pour double objectif d'étudier l'existence d'un lien potentiel entre fragilité et qualité de vie, et d'évaluer les bénéfices de la pratique d'une activité physique sur ces phénomènes. Les recherches dans ce domaine tendent à montrer que la présence d'une fragilité chez la personne âgée induit une altération des différents domaines de la qualité de vie, notamment en termes d'état de santé perçu. Les résultats d'études interventionnelles incluant des programmes d'activité physique indiquent un bénéfice à la fois sur les paramètres physiques de la fragilité, mais également sur la qualité de vie. Toutefois, le niveau de preuve reste faible et de futures recherches seront nécessaires.

[Faisabilité de l'exploration des fonctions exécutives des résidents d'établissement d'hébergement pour personnes âgées]. / Feasibility of exploring executive functions in long-term care residents, the Screening Executive Tests for Elderly.

Impairment of cognitive functions is the primary reason for admission to long-term care units, with executive functions playing a pivotal role in dependency and behavioral issues. These functions pose significant challenges to nursing staff in providing care. However, the assessment of executive functions in elderly individuals residing in nursing homes often relies on tests that are both time-consuming and difficult for this demographic. In many instances, executive functions are either not assessed or only examined in broad terms. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of assessing executive functions in elderly nursing home residents, specifically aiming to distinguish sub-components such as mental flexibility, working memory, planning, and inhibition. The residents included in the study underwent executive function assessments over three visits, using various tests for each sub-component. METHODS: Out of 530 residents, 46 gave their consent and 38 completed the three visits, with an average age of 90±5 years (76.2% women) and a median MMSE score of 20/30. Feasibility was evaluated based on the test being executed and the frequency of interruptions due to difficulty or fatigue on the part of the resident. RESULTS: Only four tests proved suitable for elderly individuals in nursing homes, and we propose grouping them into a battery named SETE (Screening Executive Tests for Elderly): the conflicting instructions from the FAB, the alpha test, the clock test, and the verbal span test. CONCLUSION: The use of these four tests would enable the construction of a map delineating executive function impairment by sub-component. Enhanced knowledge of executive functions in long-term care residents will facilitate better adapted dependency management and the implementation of non-pharmacological interventions for behavioral disorders.

[Evaluation of ophthalmological follow-up of patients over 65 years old in primary care]. / Évaluation du suivi ophtalmologique des patients de plus de 65 ans en médecine générale.

Visual disorders are often under-diagnosed and under-treated in older patients. The main objective was to evaluate the percentage of patients having an ophthalmological follow-up corresponding to the recommendations of the Syndicat national des ophtalmologistes de France (SNOF). This prospective observational multicentre study included all patients aged 65 years or older presenting to their general practitioner in two medical practices from May to October 2021. Of the 113 patients included, 86 (76,1 %) had adequate ophthalmological follow-up, 14 consulted an ophthalmologist, and a therapeutic decision was made for nine patients. Follow-up of patients was generally as recommended. Screening for visual disorders for patients with no recent follow-up was beneficial. This screening must be integrated into a global approach, as the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) of the World Health Organization (WHO), in order to be more relevant and effective.