"Take a look at this!". Video annotation as a means to foster evidence-based and reflective external and self-given feedback: A preliminary study in operati on room technician training.

Receiving and giving oneself formative feedback is essential to professionals' development of reflective attitudes towards their practices. In the healthcare professions, debriefing sessions are often used to provide feedback. Such sessions often incorporate videos to support the debriefing process. However, this usually occurs with reference to simulations and not to actual practice; furthermore, the potential of using video-annotation software to analyse practice has not been fully exploited in nursing education. To explore this still under-investigated potential, the current pilot study was conducted in the domain of operation room technicians to investigate whether the use of videos of actual practice and video-annotation software affected the quality of feedback given during the debriefing sessions. The pilot experience seems to confirm that this approach is feasible in actual practice. More particularly, the results suggest that video support enables more supportive feedback about work processes and more evidence- and situation-based feedback than regular debriefing without video. The use of video annotation also tends to support more student-driven and dialogical feedback as well as tending to increase student acceptance of feedback. Additional research is needed to further investigate the feasibility of this approach within hospitals.

[Sport's medicalization]. / La medicalizzazione dello sport.

Medicalization (abuse of sport drinks, supplements and drugs) involves more and more of the sport world, casting doubt on the credibility of results. causes and responsibilities are individuated. Characteristics of two commonly used supplements (creatine, branched-chain amino acids) are analyzed in order to show risks and ambiguities for athletes and the way to come out of it.

[Blood doping: 2]. / Blood doping: 2.

Blood Doping has recently obtained a large diffusion between professional and nonprofessional athletes, in particular for endurance sports it has almost become a necessary way to warrant best performance. Seven years after the publication of our article "Blood Doping", this second installment was born to emphasize the way the biomedical research supplies (often unintentionally) new drugs and new technology to improve athletic performance and, on the other hand, to underline the antidoping strategies.

[Bile peritonitis: a case report and a review of literature about post-cholecystectomy damages]. / Peritonite biliare in cirrosi epatica post-alcolica. Descrizione di un caso e revisione della letteratura sui danni post-colecistectomia.

A laparoscopic cholecystectomy in cirrhosis was complicated by bile ascites and evolved in bile peritonitis. Starting from the differential diagnosis problem between ascitic decompensation and bile-peritonitis caused by a biliary tree damage, we reviewed the literature about post-cholecystectomy damages suggesting a flow chart about this topic.

[Are the integrators and supplements useful in sports?]. / Integratori e supplementatori: sono utili nello sport?

The continued controversy regarding doping in Italian soccer turns the discussion to the use of food integration in sports. In Italy, there is only the word "integrator" to name many products so different regarding biological features and indication usage. We think it is useful, first of all, to talk about the meaning of integration, and then to introduce the differences between nutritional ergogenic aids and supplements and, finally, to think through relationship between nutrition and athletic performance. On the basis of recent literature, there is no evidence of any real benefit for athletes in taking nutritional ergogenic aids or supplements.

[Aids, physicians, Catholic Church]. / AIDS, medici, Chiesa cattolica.

The latest AIDS' congress (Barcelona) reminded the world this dramatic situation. The shown data are remarkable: 5 million people of new infected in 2001, 68 million people could die in the next 20 years because of AIDS and the biggest part of them is living in the South of the world. There are two different kind of AIDS: the AIDS of rich people (2% of infected ones), who can reach the modern therapies that changed the course of the disease now curable out of hospital, and the AIDS of poor ones, without therapies and future. The political-economic effort of Western governments, of global fund anti-AIDS and of non governmental organizations now is not able to answer to this emergency in the right way. The lacking sensibility of Western doctors and the inflexible position of Catholic Church about contraception make the situation more complicated. It's hopeful the overcoming of this position using a Catholic Church's precious concept: the distinction between "simpliciter" and "secundum quid" to agree the use of condoms in case of absolute need.

[Rational use of the glycemic stick in hospitals]. / Razionale uso degli stick glicemici in ospedale.

For best management of the diabetic patient and the cost-benefit relationship of bedside blood glucose monitoring use in hospital, we suggest an acting algorithm based on literature directions and on the clinical experience of an Internal Medicine Department.