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1.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38908913

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract (CAKUT), often discovered in utero, cover a wide spectrum of outcomes ranging from normal postnatal kidney function to fetal death. The current ultrasound workup does not allow for an accurate assessment of the outcome. The present study aimed to significantly improve the ultrasound-based prediction of postnatal kidney survival in CAKUT. METHODS: Histological analysis of kidneys of 15 CAKUT fetuses was performed to better standardize the ultrasound interpretation of dysplasia and cysts. Ultrasound images of 140 CAKUT fetuses with 2-year postnatal follow-up were annotated for amniotic fluid volume and kidney number, size, dysplasia and/or cysts using standardized ultrasound readout. Association of ultrasound features and clinical data (sex and age at diagnosis) with postnatal kidney function was studied using logistic regression. Amniotic fluid proteome associated to kidney dysplasia or cysts was characterized by mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Histologically, poor ultrasound corticomedullary differentiation was associated to dysplastic lesions and ultrasound hyperechogenicity was associated to the presence of microcysts. Of all ultrasound and clinical parameters, reduced amniotic volume, dysplasia and cysts were the best predictors of poor outcome (Odd ratio = 57 [95%CI: 11-481], 20 [3-225] and 7 [1-100], respectively). Their combination into an algorithm improved prediction of postnatal kidney function compared to amniotic volume alone (area under the ROC curve = 0.92 [0.86-0.98] in a 10-fold cross validation). Dysplasia and cysts were correlated (Cramer's V coefficient = 0.44, p<0.0001), but amniotic fluid proteome analysis revealed that they had distinct molecular origin (extracellular matrix and cell contacts versus cellular death, respectively), probably explaining the additivity of their predictive performances. CONCLUSION: Antenatal clinical advice for CAKUT pregnancies can be improved by a more standardized and combined interpretation of ultrasound data.

2.
Nephrol Dial Transplant ; 39(3): 496-509, 2024 Feb 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37697719

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The role of macrophages in the development of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (RM-AKI) has been established, but an in-depth understanding of the changes in the immune landscape could help to improve targeted strategies. Whereas senescence is usually associated with chronic kidney processes, we also wished to explore whether senescence could also occur in AKI and whether senolytics could act on immune cells. METHODS: Single-cell RNA sequencing was used in the murine glycerol-induced RM-AKI model to dissect the transcriptomic characteristics of CD45+ live cells sorted from kidneys 2 days after injury. Public datasets from murine AKI models were reanalysed to explore cellular senescence signature in tubular epithelial cells (TECs). A combination of senolytics (dasatinib and quercetin, DQ) was administered to mice exposed or not to RM-AKI. RESULTS: Unsupervised clustering of nearly 17 000 single-cell transcriptomes identified seven known immune cell clusters. Sub-clustering of the mononuclear phagocyte cells revealed nine distinct cell sub-populations differently modified with RM. One macrophage cluster was particularly interesting since it behaved as a critical node in a trajectory connecting one major histocompatibility complex class IIhigh (MHCIIhigh) cluster only present in Control to two MHCIIlow clusters only present in RM-AKI. This critical cluster expressed a senescence gene signature, that was very different from that of the TECs. Senolytic DQ treatment blocked the switch from a F4/80highCD11blow to F4/80lowCD11bhigh phenotype, which correlated with prolonged nephroprotection in RM-AKI. CONCLUSIONS: Single-cell RNA sequencing unmasked novel transitional macrophage subpopulation associated with RM-AKI characterized by the activation of cellular senescence processes. This work provides a proof-of-concept that senolytics nephroprotective effects may rely, at least in part, on subtle immune modulation.


Asunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda , Rabdomiólisis , Ratones , Animales , Senoterapéuticos , Lesión Renal Aguda/etiología , Lesión Renal Aguda/complicaciones , Riñón , Rabdomiólisis/complicaciones , Rabdomiólisis/tratamiento farmacológico , Análisis de Secuencia de ARN
3.
J Pathol ; 254(5): 575-588, 2021 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33987838

RESUMEN

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract (CAKUT) are the first cause of chronic kidney disease in childhood. Several genetic and environmental origins are associated with CAKUT, but most pathogenic pathways remain elusive. Considering the amniotic fluid (AF) composition as a proxy for fetal kidney development, we analyzed the AF proteome from non-severe CAKUT (n = 19), severe CAKUT (n = 14), and healthy control (n = 22) fetuses using LC-MS/MS. We identified 471 significant proteins that discriminated the three AF groups with 81% precision. Among them, eight proteins independent of gestational age (CSPG4, LMAN2, ENDOD1, ANGPTL2, PRSS8, NGFR, ROBO4, PLS3) were associated with both the presence and the severity of CAKUT. Among those, five were part of a protein-protein interaction network involving proteins previously identified as being potentially associated with CAKUT. The actin-bundling protein PLS3 (plastin 3) was the only protein displaying a gradually increased AF abundance from control, via non-severe, to severe CAKUT. Immunohistochemistry experiments showed that PLS3 was expressed in the human fetal as well as in both the fetal and the postnatal mouse kidney. In zebrafish embryos, depletion of PLS3 led to a general disruption of embryonic growth including reduced pronephros development. In postnatal Pls3-knockout mice, kidneys were macroscopically normal, but the glomerular ultrastructure showed thickening of the basement membrane and fusion of podocyte foot processes. These structural changes were associated with albuminuria and decreased expression of podocyte markers including Wilms' tumor-1 protein, nephrin, and podocalyxin. In conclusion, we provide the first map of the CAKUT AF proteome that will serve as a reference for future studies. Among the proteins strongly associated with CAKUT, PLS3 did surprisingly not specifically affect nephrogenesis but was found as a new contributor in the maintenance of normal kidney function, at least in part through the control of glomerular integrity. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Asunto(s)
Líquido Amniótico/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas de Microfilamentos/metabolismo , Anomalías Urogenitales/metabolismo , Reflujo Vesicoureteral/metabolismo , Animales , Femenino , Feto , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Proteoma , Proteómica , Pez Cebra
4.
Cell Mol Life Sci ; 78(24): 8157-8164, 2021 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34731253

RESUMEN

This study aims to remind that Intestinal Passage (IP) measurement is a complex task that cannot be achieved by a unique measure of an orally given exogenous marker in blood or urine. This will be illustrated in the case of NOD mice. Indeed, various methods have been proposed to measure IP. Among them ex vivo measurement in Ussing chambers of luminal to serosal fluxes of exogenous markers and in vivo measurement of exogenous markers in blood or urine after oral gavage are the more commonly used. Even though they are commonly used indifferently, they do not give the same information and can provide contradictory results. Published data showed that diabetic status in female Non Obese Diabetic (NOD) mice increased FD4 concentration in blood after gavage but did not modify FD4 fluxes in Ussing chamber. We observed the same results in our experimental conditions and tracked FD4 concentrations in blood over a kinetic study (Area Under the Curve-AUC). In vivo measurements are a dynamic process and address not only absorption (IP and intestinal surface) but also distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME). Diabetic status in NOD mice was associated with an increase of intestinal length (absorptive surface), itself positively correlated with AUC of FD4 in blood. We concluded that increased intestinal length induced by diabetic status will extend the absorptive surface and increase FD4 concentration in plasma (in vivo measurement) despite no modification on IP of FD4 (ex vivo measurement). In addition, this study characterized intestinal function in diabetic NOD mice. Diabetic status in NOD female mice increases intestinal length and decreases paracellular IP (FSS) without affecting transcellular IP (HRP, FD4). Histological studies of small and large intestine did not show any modification of intestinal circumference nor villi and crypt size. Finally, diabetic status was not associated with intestinal inflammation (ELISA).


Asunto(s)
Permeabilidad de la Membrana Celular , Dextranos/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Fluoresceína-5-Isotiocianato/análogos & derivados , Absorción Intestinal , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Animales , Transporte Biológico , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patología , Femenino , Fluoresceína-5-Isotiocianato/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos NOD
5.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 533(4): 786-791, 2020 12 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32988586

RESUMEN

Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and of the Urinary Tract (CAKUT) cover a broad range of disorders including abnormal kidney development caused by defective nephrogenesis. Here we explored the possible involvement of the low affinity p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in CAKUT and nephrogenesis. In mouse, p75NTR was highly expressed in fetal kidney, located within cortical early nephrogenic bodies, and decreased rapidly after birth. In human control fetal kidney, p75NTR was also located within the early nephrogenic bodies as well as in the mature glomeruli, presumably in the mesangium. In CAKUT fetal kidneys, the kidney cortical structure and the localization of p75NTR were often disorganized, and quantification of p75NTR in amniotic fluid revealed a significant reduction in CAKUT compared to control. Finally, invalidation of p75NTR in zebrafish embryo with an antisense morpholino significantly altered pronephros development. Our results indicate that renal p75NTR is altered in CAKUT fetuses, and could participate to early nephrogenesis.


Asunto(s)
Riñón/anomalías , Riñón/embriología , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/metabolismo , Receptores de Factor de Crecimiento Nervioso/metabolismo , Sistema Urinario/anomalías , Animales , Regulación hacia Abajo , Humanos , Riñón/metabolismo , Ratones , Pronefro , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Receptores de Factor de Crecimiento Nervioso/genética , Pez Cebra/embriología
6.
J Transl Med ; 18(1): 174, 2020 04 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32306971

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In sepsis, the endothelial barrier becomes incompetent, with the leaking of plasma into interstitial tissues. VE-cadherin, an adherens junction protein, is the gatekeeper of endothelial cohesion. Kinins, released during sepsis, induce vascular leakage and vasodilation. They act via two G-protein coupled receptors: B1 (B1R) and B2 (B2R). B1R is inducible in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines, endotoxins or after tissue injury. It acts at a later stage of sepsis and elicits a sustained inflammatory response. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationships between B1R and VE-cadherin destabilization in vivo in a later phase of sepsis. METHODS: Experimental, prospective study in a university research laboratory. We used a polymicrobial model of septic shock by cecal ligation and puncture in C57BL6 male mice or C57BL6 male mice that received a specific B1R antagonist (R-954). We studied the influence of B1R on sepsis-induced vascular permeability 30 h after surgery for several organs, and VE-cadherin expression in the lung and kidneys by injecting R-954 just before surgery. The 96-h survival was determined in mice without treatment or in animals receiving R-954 as a "prophylactic" regimen (a subcutaneous injection of 200 µg/kg, prior to CLP and 24 h after CLP), or as a "curative" regimen (injection of 100 µg/kg at H6, H24 and H48 post-surgery). RESULTS: B1R inactivation helps to maintain MAP above 65 mmHg but induces different permeability profiles depending on whether or not organ perfusion is autoregulated. In our model, VE-cadherin was destabilized in vivo during septic shock. At a late stage of sepsis, the B1R blockade reduced the VE-cadherin disruption by limiting eNOS activation. The survival rate for mice that received R-954 after sepsis induction was higher than in animals that received an antagonist as a prophylactic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: B1R antagonizing reduced mortality in our model of murine septic shock by limiting the vascular permeability induced by VE-cadherin destabilization through maintenance of the macrohemodynamics, consequently limiting organ dysfunctions.


Asunto(s)
Cininas , Sepsis , Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Estudios Prospectivos , Receptor de Bradiquinina B1 , Receptor de Bradiquinina B2 , Sepsis/complicaciones , Sepsis/tratamiento farmacológico
7.
Crit Care Med ; 44(9): e882-5, 2016 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26992065

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are associated with deleterious hypotension during anesthesia and shock. Because the pharmacologic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are partly mediated by increased bradykinin B2 receptor activation, this study aimed to determine the impact of acute B2 receptor blockade during hemorrhagic shock in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-treated mice. DESIGN: In vivo study. SETTING: University research unit. SUBJECTS: C57/Bl6 mice. INTERVENTIONS: The hemodynamic effect of B2 receptor blockade using icatibant (B2 receptor antagonist) was studied using a pressure-targeted hemorrhagic shock and a volume-targeted hemorrhagic shock. Animals were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine (250 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively), intubated using intratracheal cannula, and ventilated (9 mL/kg, 150 min). Five groups were studied: 1) sham-operated animals, 2) control shocked mice, 3) shocked mice treated with ramipril for 7 days (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) before hemorrhagic shock, 4) shocked mice treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and a single bolus of icatibant (HOE-140) immediately before anesthesia (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors + icatibant), and 5) shocked mice treated with a single bolus of icatibant. One hour after volume-targeted hemorrhagic shock, blood lactate was measured to evaluate organ failure. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: During pressure-targeted hemorrhagic shock, the mean blood volume withdrawn was significantly lower in the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor group than in the other groups (p < 0.001). During volume-targeted hemorrhagic shock, icatibant prevented blood pressure lowering in the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor group (p < 0.001). Blood lactate was significantly higher in the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor group than in the other groups, particularly the HOE groups. CONCLUSIONS: During hemorrhagic shock, acute B2 receptor blockade significantly attenuates the deleterious hemodynamic effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment in mice. This beneficial effect of B2 receptor blockade is rapidly reached and sustained with a single bolus of icatibant. This benefit could be of interest in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-treated patients during both emergency anesthesia and resuscitation.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/efectos adversos , Antagonistas del Receptor de Bradiquinina B2/uso terapéutico , Bradiquinina/análogos & derivados , Hipotensión/prevención & control , Ramipril/efectos adversos , Choque Hemorrágico/complicaciones , Animales , Bradiquinina/uso terapéutico , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Hipotensión/etiología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL
8.
Nephron ; 148(6): 437-442, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38281481

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Chemokines orchestrate immune cells activation and infiltration during acute kidney injury (AKI). OBJECTIVES: We aim to test whether deletion of C-C chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7), a small chemokine related to CCL2 (MCP-1), may modulate AKI development and progression toward kidney fibrosis. METHOD: Expression of CCL7 was quantified in murine cortical tubular (MCT) cells exposed to myoglobin or lipopolysaccharide or submitted to metabolic reprogramming. Kidney function (BUN, glomerular filtration rate), expression of CCL7 receptors, and kidney infiltration by inflammatory cells (F4/80+ macrophages, MPO+ neutrophils, and B220+ B-cells) were assessed in wt and Ccl7-/- mice submitted to 3 different models of AKI or kidney fibrosis (uni/bilateral ischemia/reperfusion injury (u/bIRI) and rhabdomyolysis). RESULTS: Toxin exposure of MCT cells, as well as metabolic reprogramming recapitulating AKI changes, led to a dramatic up-regulation of CCL7. In vivo, kidney expression of Ccl7 and Ccl2 significantly increased after AKI and remained increased beyond the acute phase (30 days after uIRI). The expression of the CCL7 receptors was heterogeneous and varied with time. Kidney function, expression of CCL7 receptors and Ccl2, and the number of inflammatory cells within kidneys were similar in wt and Ccl7-/- mice at baseline and at day 2 after AKI. Thirty days after uIRI, kidney fibrosis was similar in both mouse strains. CONCLUSIONS: Despite strong induction of CCL7 after AKI, CCL7 deficiency does not prevent AKI and the transition toward kidney fibrosis and should probably not be further explored as a potential target to prevent or treat AKI.


Asunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda , Quimiocina CCL7 , Ratones Noqueados , Animales , Lesión Renal Aguda/metabolismo , Quimiocina CCL7/metabolismo , Quimiocina CCL7/genética , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Daño por Reperfusión , Quimiocina CCL2/metabolismo , Quimiocina CCL2/genética , Masculino , Fibrosis , Riñón/patología , Riñón/metabolismo , Rabdomiólisis , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad
9.
Commun Biol ; 7(1): 346, 2024 Mar 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38509307

RESUMEN

The 5/6 nephrectomy and adenine-induced nephropathy mouse models have been extensively used to study Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)-related cachexia. One common caveat of these CKD models is the cross-sectional nature of comparisons made versus controls. We here performed a comprehensive longitudinal assessment of body composition and energy metabolism in both models. The most striking finding is that weight loss is largely driven by reduced food intake which promotes rapid loss of lean and fat mass. However, in both models, mice catch up weight and lean mass a few days after the surgery or when they are switched back to standard chow diet. Muscle force and mass are fully recovered and no sign of cachexia is observed. Our data demonstrate that the time-course of kidney failure and weight loss are unrelated in these common CKD models. These data highlight the need to reconsider the relative contribution of direct and indirect mechanisms to muscle wasting observed in CKD.


Asunto(s)
Caquexia , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Animales , Ratones , Caquexia/complicaciones , Caquexia/metabolismo , Estudios Transversales , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/complicaciones , Pérdida de Peso , Composición Corporal/fisiología
10.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol ; 304(4): F432-9, 2013 Feb 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23220725

RESUMEN

Murine unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), a major model of progressive kidney disease, causes loss of proximal tubular mass and formation of atubular glomeruli. Adult C57BL/6 mice underwent a sham operation or reversible UUO under anesthesia. In group 1, kidneys were harvested after 7 days. In group 2, the obstruction was released after 7 days, and a physiological study of both kidneys was performed 30 days later. Renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine protein, and albumin excretion were measured after ligation of either the left or right ureter. Glomerular volume (periodic acid-Schiff), glomerulotubular integrity and proximal tubular mass (Lotus tetragonolobus lectin), and interstitial collagen (Sirius red) were measured by histomorphometry. Obstructed kidney weight was reduced by 15% at 7 days but was not different from sham after a 30-day recovery. Glomerular volume and proximal tubular area of the obstructed kidney were reduced by 55% at 7 days, but normalized after 30 days. Interstitial collagen deposition increased 2.4-fold after 7 days of UUO and normalized after release. However, GFR and RBF were reduced by 40% and urine albumin/protein ratio was increased 2.8-fold 30 days after release of UUO. This was associated with a 50% reduction in glomerulotubular integrity despite a 30-day recovery (P < 0.05 for all data). We conclude that release of 7-day UUO can arrest progression but does not restore normal function of the postobstructed kidney. Although the remaining intact nephrons have hypertrophied, glomerular injury is revealed by albuminuria. These results suggest that glomerulotubular injury should become the primary target of slowing progressive kidney disease.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Renales/fisiopatología , Glomérulos Renales/fisiopatología , Túbulos Renales/fisiopatología , Obstrucción Ureteral/fisiopatología , Animales , Colágeno/análisis , Colágeno/metabolismo , Femenino , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular/fisiología , Enfermedades Renales/etiología , Glomérulos Renales/patología , Túbulos Renales/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Tamaño de los Órganos , Proteinuria/etiología , Proteinuria/patología , Proteinuria/fisiopatología , Obstrucción Ureteral/complicaciones , Obstrucción Ureteral/patología
11.
Sci Transl Med ; 15(712): eabn5939, 2023 09 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37672568

RESUMEN

Vascular calcification is an important risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is also a complex process involving osteochondrogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and abnormal deposition of minerals in the vascular wall. In an observational, multicenter European study, including 112 patients with CKD from Spain and 171 patients on dialysis from France, we used serum proteome analysis and further validation by ELISA to identify calprotectin, a circulating damage-associated molecular pattern protein, as being independently associated with CV outcome and mortality. This was confirmed in an additional cohort of 170 patients with CKD from Sweden, where increased serum calprotectin concentrations correlated with increased vascular calcification. In primary human VSMCs and mouse aortic rings, calprotectin exacerbated calcification. Treatment with paquinimod, a calprotectin inhibitor, as well as pharmacological inhibition of the receptor for advanced glycation end products and Toll-like receptor 4 inhibited the procalcifying effect of calprotectin. Paquinimod also ameliorated calcification induced by the sera of uremic patients in primary human VSMCs. Treatment with paquinimod prevented vascular calcification in mice with chronic renal failure induced by subtotal nephrectomy and in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient mice as well. These observations identified calprotectin as a key contributor of vascular calcification, and increased circulating calprotectin was strongly and independently associated with calcification, CV outcome, and mortality in patients with CKD. Inhibition of calprotectin might therefore be a promising strategy to prevent vascular calcification in patients with CKD.


Asunto(s)
Fallo Renal Crónico , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Calcificación Vascular , Humanos , Animales , Ratones , Anciano , Complejo de Antígeno L1 de Leucocito , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/complicaciones , Alarminas
13.
Clin Kidney J ; 14(12): 2490-2496, 2021 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34950461

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Down-regulation of the enzymes involved in tryptophan-derived nicotinamide (NAM) adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) production was identified after acute kidney injury (AKI), leading to the hypothesis that supplementation with NAM may increase the kidney NAD+ content, rescuing tryptophan pathways and subsequently improving kidney outcomes. METHODS: Urinary measurement of tryptophan and kynurenin using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics was used in a cohort of 167 cardiac bypass surgery patients along with tests for correlation to the development of postoperative AKI. A mouse model of ischaemic AKI using ischaemia-reperfusion injury (bilateral clamping of renal arteries for 25 min) was also used. RESULTS: We identified a significant decrease in urinary tryptophan and kynurenin in patients developing AKI, irrespective of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) stage. Although a significant difference was observed, tryptophan and kynurenin moderately discriminated for the development of all AKI KDIGO stages {area under the curve [AUC] 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75-0.88] and 0.75 [0.68-0.83], respectively} and severe KDIGO Stages 2-3 AKI [AUC 0.71 (95% CI 0.6-0.81) and 0.66 (0.55-0.77), respectively]. Sparked by this confirmation in humans, we aimed to confirm the potential preventive effect of NAM supplementation in wild-type male and female C57BL/6 mice subjected to ischaemic AKI. NAM supplementation had no effect on renal function (blood urea nitrogen at Day 1, sinistrin-fluorescein isothiocyanate glomerular filtration rate), architecture (periodic acid-Schiff staining) and injury or inflammation (kidney injury molecule 1 and IL18 messenger RNA expression). In addition, NAM supplementation did not increase post-AKI NAD+ kidney content. CONCLUSION: Notwithstanding the potential role of NAM supplementation in the setting of basal NAD+ deficiency, our findings in mice and the reanalysis of published data do not confirm that NAM supplementation can actually improve renal outcomes after ischaemic AKI in unselected animals and probably patients.

14.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 17240, 2020 10 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33057080

RESUMEN

The protective effect of estrogens against chronic glomerular diseases is admitted but remains debated during acute kidney injury (AKI). Using a model of resuscitated hemorrhagic shock in C57/Bl6 female mice, this study evaluated at 1 and 21 days the renal effect of (1) endogenous estrogen, using ovariectomized mice with or without chronic estrogen restoration, or (2) exogenous estrogen, using a single administration of a pharmacological dose during shock resuscitation. In both ovariectomized and intact mice, hemorrhagic shock induced epithelial cell damages (assessed by KIM-1 renal expression) with secondary renal fibrosis but without significant decrease in GFR at day 21. Ovariectomy with or without estrogen restoration have no significant effect on renal damages and dysfunction. This lack of effect was associated with a marked (> 80%) reduction of total kidney GPR30 expression. By contrast, a single high dose of estradiol in intact mice reduced renal KIM-1 expression by 2/3, attenuated the severity of cell death related to pyroptosis, and prevented the increase of fibrosis by 1/3. This provides a rationale to investigate the benefits of a single administration of estrogen or estrogen modulators during acute kidney injuries in males. Furthermore, the cost/benefit ratio of such administration should be investigated in Human.


Asunto(s)
Estrógenos/administración & dosificación , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Choque Hemorrágico/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Riñón/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ovariectomía , Receptores de Estrógenos/genética , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/genética , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Insuficiencia del Tratamiento
15.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 368(3): 528-35, 2008 Apr 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18243127

RESUMEN

Renin angiotensin system (RAS) worsens diabetic nephropathy (DN) by increasing oxidative stress. We compared the effect of three different RAS inhibitors: the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Ramipril, the vasopeptidase inhibitor AVE7688 and the angiotensin receptor (AT1) antagonist Losartan on the formation of oxidative and carbonyl stress derived protein modifications in kidney from Zucker obese hyperglycemic rats (ZDFn Gm-fa/fa). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to measure representative markers of several protein oxidative pathways: direct oxidation [dinitrophenylhydrazine reactive carbonyls (DNP), glutamic (GSA), and aminoadipic (AASA) semialdehydes], mixed glyco- and lipoxidation [N(epsilon)-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL) and N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)-lysine (CML)] and lipoxidation-[N(epsilon)-(malondialdehyde)-lysine-(MDAL)], as well as renal fatty acid composition. Urinary albumin (a marker of DN), DNP, GSA, and MDAL levels, were increased in all obese rats and were dose dependently decreased by AVE7688 whereas Ramipril and Losartan were less efficient. These results show that RAS inhibition improves DN at several levels, independently of its effects on blood pressure and glycemic control, via mechanisms depending of renal oxidative stress.


Asunto(s)
Nefropatías Diabéticas/metabolismo , Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/metabolismo , Compuestos Heterocíclicos con 3 Anillos/administración & dosificación , Riñón/metabolismo , Losartán/administración & dosificación , Proteínas/metabolismo , Ramipril/administración & dosificación , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/efectos de los fármacos , Bloqueadores del Receptor Tipo 1 de Angiotensina II/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/administración & dosificación , Animales , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores de Proteasas/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Zucker
16.
Med Sci (Paris) ; 23(12): 1141-7, 2007 Dec.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18154717

RESUMEN

Various diseases such as arterial hypertension, diabetes and obesity result in renal diseases which are often irreversible and resistant to currently available therapies. Beside the control of glycemia in diabetic patients, only the blockade of the renin-angiotensin system is effective in reducing the occurrence of glomerulosclerosis and its development towards terminal renal failure. Inhibition of this system is based on the use of angiotensin-1 converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonists. For many years, the beneficial effects of these two classes of drugs were attributed mainly to their interference with angiotensin II. However, recent in vitro and in vivo evidences strongly suggest that bradykinin B2 receptor is also involved in the nephroprotective effects of these drugs. A compelling evidence is the finding that the development of glomerulosclerosis is more severe in knock-out B2 receptor mice. The nephroprotective effect of B2 receptor could be the consequence of a reduction of proteinuria, glomerular and interstitial fibrosis, cell proliferation and of the oxidative stress through the contribution of several well identified mechanisms. It is proposed that B2 receptor agonists can offer a novel therapeutic avenue in the treatment of nephropathies associated with diabetes or other vascular diseases.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Renales/prevención & control , Receptor de Bradiquinina B2/fisiología , Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/uso terapéutico , Nefropatías Diabéticas/prevención & control , Humanos , Hipertensión/prevención & control , Receptor de Bradiquinina B1/fisiología
17.
Intensive Care Med Exp ; 4(1): 22, 2016 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27430881

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model, a gold standard in sepsis research, is associated with an important variability in mortality. While the number of punctures and needle size is well described in CLP animal studies, the length of cecal ligation is often not. The relationship between cecal ligation and survival in mice is briefly reported in the literature; therefore, we devised an investigation in mice of the consequences of three standardized cecal ligation lengths on mortality and the severity of the ensued sepsis. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice underwent standardized CLP. The cecum was ligated at 5, 20, or 100 % of its total length and further perforated by a single 20-G puncture. Mortality was analyzed. We assessed blood lactate, serum creatinine levels, and serum cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, and IL-10) after procedure in a control group and in ligated mice. RESULTS: Mortality was directly related to ligation length: median survival was 24 h for the "100 %" group and 44 h for the "20 %" group. Blood lactate increased proportionally with the ligation length. At 6 h post-procedure, pro-inflammatory cytokines significantly increased in the ligated group with significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 in the 100 % group compared to the other ligated groups. The 20 % group exhibited the characteristics of septic shock with hypotension below 65 mmHg, pro-inflammatory balance, organ dysfunction, and hyperlactatemia. CONCLUSIONS: Cecal ligation length appears to be a major limiting factor in the mouse CLP model. Thus, this experimental model should be performed with high consistency in future protocol designs.

18.
PLoS One ; 8(10): e76703, 2013.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24098551

RESUMEN

Metabolic syndrome can induce chronic kidney disease in humans. Genetically engineered mice on a C57BL/6 background are highly used for mechanistic studies. Although it has been shown that metabolic syndrome induces cardiovascular lesions in C57BL/6 mice, in depth renal phenotyping has never been performed. Therefore in this study we characterized renal function and injury in C57BL/6 mice with long-term metabolic syndrome induced by a high fat and fructose diet (HFFD). C57BL/6 mice received an 8 months HFFD diet enriched with fat (45% energy from fat) and drinking water enriched with fructose (30%). Body weight, food/water consumption, energy intake, fat/lean mass ratio, plasma glucose, HDL, LDL, triglycerides and cholesterol levels were monitored. At 3, 6 and 8 months, renal function was determined by inulin clearance and measure of albuminuria. At sacrifice, kidneys and liver were collected. Metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6 mice fed a HFFD was observed as early 4 weeks with development of type 2 diabetes at 8 weeks after initiation of diet. However, detailed analysis of kidney structure and function showed only minimal renal injury after 8 months of HFFD. HFFD induced moderate glomerular hyperfiltration (436,4 µL/min vs 289,8 µL/min; p-value=0.0418) together with a 2-fold increase in albuminuria only after 8 months of HFFD. This was accompanied by a 2-fold increase in renal inflammation (p-value=0.0217) but without renal fibrosis or mesangial matrix expansion. In addition, electron microscopy did not show alterations in glomeruli such as basal membrane thickening and foot process effacement. Finally, comparison of the urinary peptidome of these mice with the urinary peptidome from humans with diabetic nephropathy also suggested absence of diabetic nephropathy in this model. This study provides evidence that the HFFD C57BL/6 model is not the optimal model to study the effects of metabolic syndrome on the development of diabetic kidney disease.


Asunto(s)
Albuminuria/orina , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/orina , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Fructosa/efectos adversos , Riñón/metabolismo , Hígado/metabolismo , Síndrome Metabólico/orina , Albuminuria/inducido químicamente , Albuminuria/patología , Animales , Glucemia/metabolismo , Peso Corporal , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/inducido químicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/patología , Ingestión de Energía , Riñón/patología , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico/inducido químicamente , Síndrome Metabólico/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Proteoma/metabolismo , Triglicéridos/sangre
19.
Shock ; 38(4): 351-5, 2012 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22814286

RESUMEN

The objectives of this study were to determine whether type 2 diabetic mice would exhibit a more severe renal impact of hemorrhagic shock (HS) based on a recently described model of acute kidney injury and to determine the impact of HS on renal responses to hypoxia. We induced HS or sham procedure in type 2 diabetic and obese db/db mice. Creatininemia, glomerular filtration rate, urine output, histologic injury score, and kidney inductible molecule 1 mRNA were used to investigate the renal impact of HS. Tissular hypoxia and its impact were quantified using pimonidazole immunostaining and mRNA of hypoxic inducible factor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2, Tie-2, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Diabetic mice exhibiting mild diabetic nephropathy express hypoxic signals at baseline. The renal impact of HS was more severe in diabetic mice, with a worsening of tissular hypoxia and an altered response to hypoxia. Furthermore, endothelial nitric oxide synthase was highly overexpressed in diabetic shocked mice when compared with nondiabetic shocked mice. Renal impact of HS in type 2 diabetic mice is more intense than in nondiabetic ones. Preexisting hypoxia during diabetes could result in a renal preconditioning that modifies endothelial and tissular responses to acute kidney injury.


Asunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Riñón , Choque Hemorrágico , Lesión Renal Aguda/metabolismo , Lesión Renal Aguda/patología , Lesión Renal Aguda/fisiopatología , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/patología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Riñón/metabolismo , Riñón/patología , Riñón/fisiopatología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Obesos , Choque Hemorrágico/metabolismo , Choque Hemorrágico/patología , Choque Hemorrágico/fisiopatología
20.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol ; 294(5): F1249-56, 2008 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18367657

RESUMEN

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) can be delayed by the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). The mechanisms of ACEi renal protection are not univocal. To investigate the impact of bradykinin B(2) receptor (B2R) activation during ACE inhibition, type II diabetic mice (C57BLKS db/db) received for 20 wk: 1) ACEi (ramipril) alone, 2) ACEi + HOE-140 (a specific B2R antagonist), 3) HOE-140 alone, or 4) no treatment. The development of DN, defined by an increase in albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis, was largely prevented by ACEi treatment (albuminuria: 980 +/- 130 vs. 2,160 +/- 330 mg/g creatinine; mesangial area: 22.5 +/- 0.5 vs. 27.6 +/- 0.3%). The protective effect of ramipril was markedly attenuated by B2R blockade (albuminuria: 2,790 +/- 680 mg/g creatinine; mesangial area: 30.4 +/- 1.1%), whereas HOE-140 alone significantly increased albuminuria. Despite such benefits, glomerular filtration rate remained unchanged, probably because of the combination of the hypotensive effect of diabetes in this model and the renal hemodynamic action of ramipril. Finally, the renal protective effect of ACEi was associated with a marked decrease in glomerular overexpression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor-beta pathways, but also in advanced glycation end product receptors and lipid peroxidation assessed by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) adducts. Concomitant blockade of B2R partly restored glomerular overexpression of IGF-1 receptor beta and 4-HNE complexes. These results support the critical role of B2R activation in the mediation of ACEi renal protection against DN and provide the rationale to examine the benefit of B2R activation by itself as a new therapeutic approach for DN.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/farmacología , Antagonistas del Receptor de Bradiquinina B2 , Neuropatías Diabéticas/genética , Neuropatías Diabéticas/prevención & control , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Albuminuria/prevención & control , Animales , Western Blotting , Bradiquinina/análogos & derivados , Bradiquinina/farmacología , Neuropatías Diabéticas/patología , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Riñón/patología , Pruebas de Función Renal , Glomérulos Renales/efectos de los fármacos , Glomérulos Renales/metabolismo , Glomérulos Renales/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Obesos , Ramipril/farmacología , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos
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