Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections: Imaging Guidelines and Recommendations.

Pediatric musculoskeletal infections often pose a diagnostic challenge due to their frequently vague and nonspecific clinical presentation. Imaging evaluation is a crucial component to diagnostic workup of these entities. Changed epidemiology of these infections over the past 2 decades has resulted in increases in both disease incidence and severity in the pediatric population. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential in order to reduce the risk of morbid sequelae, and to optimize patient management. In this article, the unique pathophysiology of musculoskeletal infections and characteristic imaging findings in children compared with adults are reviewed.

Arteriovenous Malformations in the Setting of Osler-Weber-Rendu: What the Radiologist Needs to Know.

Osler-Weber-Rendu, also known as Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia, is an autosomal dominant disease with phenotypic manifestations that include pulmonary, cerebrospinal, hepatic, and other visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Pulmonary AVMs can result in hypoxemia, hemoptysis, or stroke due to paradoxical embolism. The mainstay of treatment is transcatheter embolization. Central nervous system and abdominal visceral AVMs contribute to morbidity of the disease. Radiologists should be familiar with the imaging manifestations and treatment algorithm of AVMs in Osler-Weber-Rendu to effectively guide patient care.