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1.
Genomics ; 114(2): 110287, 2022 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35131478

RESUMEN

We sequenced 13 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates exhibiting distinct susceptibility profiles and which were recovered over 12 years in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) was performed on an Illumina MiSeq™ 2 × 300 bp paired-end reads. Bioinformatics analyses were carried out using CGE, PATRIC, and BLAST databases for manual curation of obtained genomes. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis identified seven STs, namely ST1580, ST1590, ST1901, ST1902, ST8161, ST9363, and ST15640. Moreover, a diversity of mutations was observed in MtrR/G45D-A39T, PIB/G120K-A121S, and PBP1/L421P. Mutations associated with sulfonamides (DHPS/R228S) and rifampicin (RNAP/H552N) were also detected, as well as tetracycline resistance determinants, namely rpsJ/V57M and tet(M). The results presented herein can contribute to the knowledge of N. gonorrhoeae strains circulating in Sao Paulo, Brazil.


Asunto(s)
Gonorrea , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Brasil , Ciprofloxacina/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/genética , Gonorrea/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Tipificación de Secuencias Multilocus , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/genética
2.
Clin Infect Dis ; 62(11): 1367-1374, 2016 06 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26962079

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Given high rates of anal disease, we investigated the natural history of high-risk anal human papillomavirus (HPV) among a multinational group of men who have sex with men (MSM) aged 18-64 years. METHODS: Anal specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-negative men from Brazil, Mexico, and the United States were genotyped. Over 2 years, 406 MSM provided evaluable specimens every 6 months for ≥2 visits. These men were stratified into men who have sex only with men (MSOM, n = 70) and men who have sex with women and men (MSWM, n = 336). Persistence was defined as ≥12 months' type-specific duration and could begin with either a prevalent or incident infection. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 2.1 years. Retention was 82%. Annual cumulative incidence of 9-valent vaccine types was 19% and 8% among MSOM and MSWM, respectively (log-rank P = .02). Duration of anal HPV did not differ for MSOM and MSWM and was a median of 6.9 months for HPV-16 after combining men from the 2 groups. Among men with prevalent high-risk infection (n = 106), a total of 36.8%, retained the infection for at least 24 months. For those with prevalent HPV-16 (n = 27), 29.6% were persistent for at least 24 months. Persistence of high-risk HPV was associated with number of male anal sex partners and inversely associated with number of female sex partners. CONCLUSIONS: MSM with prevalent high-risk HPV infection should be considered at increased risk for nontransient infection.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades del Ano/epidemiología , Enfermedades del Ano/virología , Homosexualidad Masculina/estadística & datos numéricos , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Adolescente , Adulto , Américas/epidemiología , Canal Anal/virología , Bisexualidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios de Cohortes , ADN Viral/análisis , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven
3.
J Infect Dis ; 212(2): 202-12, 2015 Jul 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25649172

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative men having sex with men (MSM) bear a substantial burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated disease, prospective studies of genital HPV infection in this population are scarce. METHODS: HPV genotyping was conducted on genital samples from men (aged 18-70 years) from Brazil, Mexico, or the United States who provided specimens at 6-month intervals for up to 4 years. Eligibility criteria included no history of genital warts or HIV infection. Evaluable specimens were collected from 564 MSM and 3029 men having sex with women (MSW). Incidence and clearance estimates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: The 12-month cumulative incidence of genital HPV was high in both MSM (25%; 95% confidence interval, 21%-30%) and MSW (21%; 20%-23%). After stratifying by city, MSM and MSW incidence rates were comparable, with 3 exceptions where MSM had higher incidence in ≥1 city: the group of quadrivalent vaccine types, HPV-45, and HPV-11. Median times to HPV-16 clearance were also comparable, with point estimates of >6 months for both MSM and MSW. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike with many other sexually transmitted infections, genital HPV natural history may be similar in HIV-negative MSM and MSW. Study periods of ≤6 months, however, may not be long enough to accurately measure the persistence of these infections in men.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Bisexualidad , Femenino , Heterosexualidad , Homosexualidad Masculina , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/transmisión , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/transmisión , Adulto Joven
4.
J Infect Dis ; 203(1): 49-57, 2011 Jan 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21148496

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: An increasing incidence of anal cancer among men suggests a need to better understand anal canal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among human immunodeficiency virus-negative men. METHODS: Genotyping for HPV was conducted on cells from the anal canal among men who have sex with women (MSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM), aged 18-70 years, from Brazil, Mexico, and the United States. Factors associated with anal HPV infection were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of any HPV type and oncogenic HPV types did not differ by city. Anal canal HPV prevalence was 12.2% among 1305 MSW and 47.2% among 176 MSM. Among MSW, reporting a lifetime number of ≥ 10 female sex partners, a primary sexual relationship <1 year in duration, and a prior hepatitis B diagnosis were independently associated with detection of any anal HPV in multivariable analysis. Among MSM, a younger age, reporting ≥ 2 male anal sex partners in the past 3 months, and never using a condom for anal sex in the past 6 months were independently associated with detection of any anal HPV in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Number of sex partners was associated with anal HPV infection in both MSW and MSM. Anal HPV infection in men may be mediated by age, duration of sexual relationship, and condom use.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades del Ano/epidemiología , Heterosexualidad , Homosexualidad Masculina , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Enfermedades del Ano/virología , Brasil , ADN Viral/genética , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , México , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papillomaviridae/clasificación , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Estados Unidos , Adulto Joven
5.
J Infect Dis ; 204(11): 1711-22, 2011 Dec 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21964400

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Although there are limited numbers of incidence and persistence estimates for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) in women and in men who have sex with men (MSM), there are no such reports for men who have sex with women (MSW). METHODS: Genotyping was performed on anal samples from men, aged 18-70, from São Paulo, Brazil; Cuernavaca, Mexico; and Tampa, Florida, who provided specimens at enrollment and the 6-month visit of a 4-year prospective study. Eligibility included no history of genital warts or human immunodeficiency virus. A total of 954 MSW and 156 MSM provided evaluable specimens at both visits. Persistence was defined as type-specific infection at each visit. RESULTS: Incident anal infection was common among both MSM and MSW but generally higher for MSM for HPV groups and specific genotypes. A total of 5.1% of MSM and 0.0% of MSW had a persistent HPV-16 infection at the 6-month visit. Cigarette smoking among MSM and age among MSW were associated with persistent infection with any HPV genotype. CONCLUSIONS: Although anal HPV infection is commonly acquired by both MSW and MSM, incident events and persistence occurred more often among MSM. Cigarette smoking is a modifiable risk factor that may contribute to HPV persistence among MSM.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades del Ano/epidemiología , Heterosexualidad , Homosexualidad , Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Enfermedades del Ano/virología , Brasil/epidemiología , Genotipo , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
6.
Hum Vaccin Immunother ; 15(7-8): 1911-1919, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30897017

RESUMEN

Background: While receptive anal sex is an established risk factor for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA), people with anal HPV infection and SCCA commonly report no lifetime receptive anal sex suggesting other factors may also increase risk for anal HPV infection and persistence. Given potential associations between obesity and conditions that may cause perianal or anal canal lesions, we hypothesized that body mass index (BMI) was associated with HPV infection. Methods: Genotyping for 36 HPV types was conducted on anal canal specimens from men, ages 18-70, from Brazil, Mexico, and the USA. Eligibility included no history of genital warts or HIV. Evaluable specimens were collected from 328 men having sex with men (MSM) and 1348 men having sex with women (MSW) who reported no lifetime receptive anal sex. Prevalence of anal HPV infection and six-month persistence by BMI were estimated in addition to adjusted prevalence ratios for the association between BMI and HPV infection. Results: Among MSW, obese men had a higher prevalence of HPV-16 in the anal canal (3.1%), compared to normal weight men (1.3%) although 95% CI overlapped. Among MSM, prevalence of HPV decreased with increasing BMI. A similar pattern was observed for persistence. After adjustment for confounders, obese MSW had 2.4 times higher odds of HPV-16 compared to normal weight men. Conclusions: BMI may be positively associated with anal HPV (especially HPV-16) among MSW and negatively associated with anal HPV among MSM which supports continued universal HPV vaccination programs.


Asunto(s)
Canal Anal/virología , Enfermedades del Ano/epidemiología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Obesidad/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedades del Ano/virología , Brasil/epidemiología , ADN Viral/análisis , Femenino , Genotipo , Heterosexualidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Homosexualidad Masculina/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/virología , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/etiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta Sexual , Adulto Joven
7.
Virology ; 497: 314-322, 2016 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27518539

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) increase the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in sun-exposed skin. We examined the role of beta-HPV in the development of male external genital lesions (EGLs), a sun-unexposed site. METHODS: In this nested case-control study (67 men with pathologically-confirmed EGLs and 134 controls), exfoliated cells collected from the surface of lesions and normal genital skin 0, 6, and 12 months preceding EGL development were tested for beta-HPV DNA using a type-specific multiplex genotyping assay. Beta-HPV prevalence was estimated and conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association with condyloma, the most common EGL. RESULTS: While beta-HPV prevalence among controls remained stable, the prevalence among cases was lowest on the surface of lesion. Detecting beta-HPV on the normal genital skin was not associated with the presence or development of condyloma. CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous beta-HPV does not appear to be contributing to pathogenesis in male genital skin.


Asunto(s)
Betapapillomavirus/fisiología , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Betapapillomavirus/clasificación , Estudios de Casos y Controles , ADN Viral , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/epidemiología , Genitales Masculinos/patología , Genitales Masculinos/virología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tipificación Molecular , Oportunidad Relativa , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta Sexual , Adulto Joven
8.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev ; 21(9): 1542-6, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22761306

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: It is largely unknown if antihuman papillomavirus (HPV) serum antibody responses vary by anatomic site of infection in men. METHODS: This study assessed type-specific anti-HPV serum antibody prevalence associated with corresponding HPV DNA detection in the external genitalia and the anal canal of 1,587 heterosexual men and 199 men who have sex with men (MSM). RESULTS: We observed that HPV 6 and 16 seroprevalence was higher in the presence of same HPV-type infection in the anal canal compared with same HPV-type infection in the external genitalia only, and among MSM compared with the heterosexual men. Seropositivity to HPV 6 was strongly associated with HPV 6 DNA detection in the anal canal but not in the external genitalia alone among both heterosexual men [adjusted prevalence ratio (APR), anal+/genital+ vs. anal-/genital-: 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI), 11.7-10.5; anal+/genital- vs. anal-/genital-: 7.9 (95% CI, 3.7-17.0)] and MSM [APR, anal+/genital+ vs. anal-/genital-: 5.6 (95% CI, 2.7-11.9); anal+/genital- vs. anal-/genital-: 3.2 (95% CI, 2.1-4.9)]. Similar associations between seropositivity to HPV 16 and anal HPV 16 DNA detection were only observed in MSM [anal+/genital+ vs. anal-/genital-: 3.1 (95% CI, 2.0-5.0); anal+/genital- vs. anal-/genital-: 2.2 (95% CI, 1.3-3.5)]. CONCLUSION: Our data showed that seroprevalence varied by anatomic site of HPV infection, suggesting differences in epithelium type present at these anatomic sites may be relevant. IMPACT: Our finding is instrumental in advancing our understanding of immune mechanism involved in anatomic site-specific antibody response.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Papillomavirus Humano 16/inmunología , Papillomavirus Humano 6/inmunología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Adulto , ADN Viral/análisis , Humanos , Masculino , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos
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